Johan, Joseph, Carlos, Henrique and the Creation of Scholtz & Co.
Bill Scholtz
Draft 19 February 2017
Johan, Joseph, Carlos, Henrique and the Creation of Scholtz & Co.
Bill Scholtz
Draft 19 February 2017
Table of Contents
Johan Christoffel Scholtsz and Maria de Jonge (4th Great Grandparents)
Joseph Möller Ship Captain and Cornelia Engelbronn (4th Great Grandparents)
Frederik Anthon Scholtz and Maria Augusta Möller (3rd Great Grandparents)
Johan Cristafel Scholtz and Family
A Little Bit of Trouble in La Guaira
Carlos and Scholtz, Sanchez & Co. (Scholtz & Co. 3.0)
Scholtz, Sanchaz & Co. and Politics
The end of Scholtz, Sanchez & Co.
Scholtz & Marturet (Scholtz & Co. 4.0)
Scholtz & Co. and the US Supreme Court
More Scholtz Families move to New York
Appendix 1 - Curaçao and Slavery
Appendix 2 - Joseph Scholtz Ships and Ports
Appendix 3 - Presidents and Politics of Venezuela 1890-1908
The Revolución Liberal Restauradora
Matos and La Revolución Libertadora
Appendix 4 - Fred Virtue's Story
Appendix 5 – Descendants of Johan Christoffel Scholtsz ( -1819)
Appendix 6 – The Case for Johan Scholtz and Louise Morton
Table of Figures
Figure 1 - Ancestors of Henrique Scholtz
Figure 3 - Joseph Möller's Ports of Call
Figure 4 - Joseph's 1821 advertisement for passage to St. Thomas
Figure 5 - Joseph's 1821 advertisement for imported goods
Figure 6 - Notice of Auction for Joseph Möller
Figure 7 - De Curacaosche Courant 8 January 1859
Figure 8 - De Curacaosche Courant 21 April 1854
Figure 9 - Newspaper announcement of the first voyage of the Harvest Queen.
Figure 14 - Jipijapa Hat (Wikipedia)
Figure 16 - Carlos Scholtz at age 30 in 1804, 5' 4", brown eyes and dark brown hair
Figure 17 - Scholtz, Sanchez & Co. ad from New York Herald Tribune 30 January 1897
Figure 18 - Price of coffee from 1893-9
Figure 20 - José Henrique Scholtz circa 1900, 5' 11", brown eyes and dark brown
Figure 21 - Miraflores Palace, the presidential palace from 1930 (Wikipedia)
Figure 22 - Beaver Street Building (From Wikipedia)
Figure 23 - Scholtz & Marturet entry in American Exporter's Export Trade Directory 1912
Figure 24 - Scholtz & Co. entry in American Exporter's Export Trade Directory 1916-7
Figure 25 - Scholtz & Co. entry in American Exporter's Export Trade Directory 1919-20
Figure 28 - Slaves freed by my ancestors through Manumission
Figure 31 - Joseph Scholtz - Ships he served on
Figure 32 - Joseph Scholtz - Ports of Call
Figure 33 - Joseph Scholtz - Ports of Call - Atlantic
Figure 34 - Joseph Scholtz - Ports of Call - Carribean
Figure 35 - Joseph Scholtz - Ports of Call - Legend
Figure 36 - Presidents of Venezuela (from Wikipedia)
Figure 37 - Joaquín Crespo (Wikipedia)
Figure 38 - Cipriano Castro (Wikipedia)
Figure 39 - Manuel Antonio Matos (Wikipedia)
Figure 40 - José Manuel Hernández "El Mocho" (Wikipedia)
Figure 41 - The Dutch warship Jacob van Heemskerck sent to Venezuela (Wikipedia)
Figure 42 - Juan Vincente Gómez (Wikipedia)
I got my start in genealogy on the island of Curaçao back in 2004 when I was connected with Christel Monsanto, a genealogist from Curaçao. She was able to fill in much of my line that was not already printed in the book “Historie en Oude Families van de Nederlandse Antillen” by A. J. C. Krafft. Basically, almost none of my Scholtz line was in the book. Christel filled in 3 generations of Scholtz families along with several associated families mostly using records that could only be found in Curaçao. More recently indexes to those records are available on-line but Christel has continued giving me context and interpretations and meaning of what I have found since.
Much of the Curaçao data has come from the non-profit organization De Archiefvriend (Friends of the National Archives). De Archiefvriend or http://www.archiefvriend.com has put a lot of Curaçao data online. The data includes: Deeds, Slavery information and indexes to data held at the National Archives back in The Netherlands. Christel Monsanto is one of the major contributors to the website.
The website Delpher (www.delpher.nl) has millions of pages or Dutch newspapers. Newspapers from Curaçao go back as far as 1816. The search is very useful.
The website WieWasWie (WhoWasWho) www.wiewaswie.nl has an index to millions of birth, marriage and death records for The Netherlands and colonies including Curaçao.
The Internet Archive (www.archive.org) has been very useful for much of my Genealogical research. Internet Archive has scanned and indexed thousands if not millions of books from the United States and other countries. These books are available for reading on-line or download. Also, like The Internet Archive, Google Books (www. books.google.com) has done the same thing. These pages have been incredibly useful especially for Scholtz & Co. research in New York surprisingly useful for research about my Venezuelan ancestors.
In the early 1990s I found the New York Times obituary for Carlos Alfred Scholtz, my great-great uncle. It said Carlos had moved to the US from Venezuela in 1875 when he was about 11 years old. I had heard from someone that he had lived with family, but who were they? It was easy enough for people to move to the US from Venezuela in the late 1800s, but what was our story? How did our family end up in New York and how did Scholtz & Co. come into creation?
After over 20 years of research I have learned a ton. I understand how our family came to New York in stages and how the seeds of what became the Scholtz & Co. of the early 1900s to the 1980s go back at least three generations from its founders. Scholtz & Co. was in many ways the product of the merger of two very different families from Curaçao in the early 1800s. There were at least four prior variations of the Scholtz & Co. that I knew growing up going at least back to the early 1800s and one more variation since.
To figure out how the family ended up in New York with Scholtz & Co. I worked backwards. We know that Carlos was one of many children of Johan Cristafel Scholtz and Obdulia Roldan. We also know that Henrique, our ancestor and one of the younger siblings, came with his family from Venezuela in 1909. We know that Carlos was already here and the two of them started Scholtz and Co. The first thing to do is find all the trips for the Scholtz family to New York. At the time, records were spotty and indexes were poor. But, over the years I found more and more data. I have since found well over 100 records of Scholtz family members arriving in New York between 1876 and 1957, but the ones to explain how the Scholtzes ended up in New York are from before 1909.
The first time I can find Carlos is in 1882. On September 14, 1882 a Mr. C Scholtz of Venezuela arrived in New York on the Caracas. He was listed as a scholar aged 16 years and 6 months. Carlos would have been 18 years and 1 month, but errors like this were very common. Carlos was one of the oldest of about 14 children. He may have been the oldest son.
On September 14, 1885, Luis R Scholtz, Carlos’ younger brother, arrived in New York with their sister, Josephina. Carlos arrived again in 1887, this time listed as a merchant.
The first big clue comes on April 30, 1888 when sisters Eliza, 16, and Rosa, 11, arrived in New York, traveling with a 40 year old woman, born in Bermuda, but living in the US named Eliza Scholtz. They had boarded the boat in La Guaira, Venezuela.
The next clue was when Abdulia and Isabel came in 1894 traveling with Captain J. Scholtz, Master Mariner and US citizen. So, we have Eliza Scholtz, born in Bermuda and living in the US and Captain J. Scholtz, US citizen.
Many of the Scholtz siblings came and went over the years but it wasn't until 1895 when Carlos brought his brother Henrique to New York for Henrique's first trip to the US.
Prior to 1900, 9 of the Scholtz children visited New York, Carlos the most often with at least 5 trips. All these trips were probably to visit Captain J and Eliza Scholtz. Who were Captain J and Eliza?
This part of the story starts in the early 19th century in Curaçao. Frederik Anthon Scholtz (1813-1887) married Maria Augusta Möller (1815-1849) in 1835. This is the merger between two families mentioned above.
Johan, our ancestor, moved to Caracas, Venezuela where he had a very large family. But a huge part of our story comes through Joseph. Joseph had been lost to family history. No one in our family had ever heard of him. And yet my great grandfather Jose Henrique was likely named for him. Henrique's sister Eliza was likely named for Joseph's wife Eliza.
Below is the result of my many years of research as to how our family came from Curaçao and Venezuela to New York and how two brothers created Scholtz & Co.
Figure 1 - Ancestors of Henrique Scholtz
I only know Evert Carel from a record of his inventory in 1812. Therefore, he died shortly before that. I haven't translated the inventory but I know that Evert Carel is my ancestor because the inventory mentions his daughter Maria Elisabeth Margaretha and her husband Johan Christoffel Scholtsz.
All I have on Joannes Adreanus Engelbron and Maria Wilhelmina van Kamphuizen is what is on the above chart. For Joannes’ family I have many more generations but only one more for Maria[1]. They were both born in The Netherlands but married in Curaçao.
The marriage banns and marriage record are extremely hard to read but according to the translator it says that Johan is from Elssloth in the Duchy of Limburg. The Duchy of Limburg was in what is now Belgium.
The only problem is that the only Elssloth I can find was in the Duchy of Oldenburg in Germany a couple hundred miles away.
There were several small villages in the Duchy of Limburg whose names look similar to a hand written Elssloth such as Elendorff. So, maybe that’s where Johan is from.
Johan and his wife Maria Elisabeth Margaretha de Jonge were married on 39 January 1804. Johan died on 1 Mar 1819 in Curaçao at an unknown age. After Johan’s death Maria re-married to Carel Wilhelm Zeppenfeldt. They were married for 12 years before Carel’s death. Maria died almost 15 years later on 22 Jun 1852 in Curaçao at age 66. They had at least three children:
1. Catharina Louisa Wilhelmina Scholtz, b. 14 Oct 1808, Curaçao
2. Anna Wilhelmina Scholtz, b. 16 Oct 1810, Curaçao
3. Frederik Anthon Scholtz, b. 19 Oct 1813, Curaçao, d. 30 Sep 1887, Curaçao
Beyond this I know that Johan owned a business called J. C. Scholtz & Co. I know this from a notice in newspaper in De Curaçaosche Courant published on three consecutive weeks 3, 10 and 17 May 1817.
Figure 2 - Notice from the 10 May 1817 De Curaçaosche Courant where Johan announces he is closing his business
To the best of my abilities (Google) this article says:
Caracao the 3rd of May 1817.
The undersigned makes by this to everyone and especially to know that his friends until now done his affairs will cease, and through him now under the firm of J. C. Scholtz & Co.. will be continued, trusting that the beneficiary sting by which he has enjoyed Zyne firm, now will continue blyven dooren into His new job.
He also calls all the geenen who HAVE payable to, the instance mogten firm, their debt, without any tydverwyi come meet the agency by David Lopez Penha within the tyd of four weeken, so deeze matters should be brought into liquidation.
J. C. SCHOLTZ
From notices in 1821 we know that J. C. Scholtz & Co. was a Drankwinkel which I believe is a liquor store[2]. I refer to J. C. Scholtz & Co. as a Scholtz & Co. 1.0 because it is a business essentially owned and likely operated by one person. It is likely that much of his product was imported.
On 3 March 1817 Johan died. In 1819 his estate was auctioned off[3].[I]
Johan's name was shown both as Scholtz and Scholtsz. It seems that Scholtsz was used more for personal references, birth, death, etc. and Scholtz was used more for professional references. After Johan the spelling Scholtsz hardly ever shows up.
Johan Christoffel Scholtsz and Maria de Jonge were married on 29 January 1804 in Curaçao. Johan died on 1 March 1819 in Curaçao at an unknown age and Maria Elisabeth Margaretha died on 22 June 1852 in Curaçao at age 66. Their children were:
1. Catharina Louisa Wilhemina Scholtz, 14 October 1808, Curaçao, d. unknown
2. Anna Wilhelmina Scholtz, b. 16 October 1810, Curaçao, d. unknown
3. Frederik Anthon Scholtz, b. 19 October 1813, Curaçao, d. 30 November 1887, Curaçao (74)
Joseph Möller was born 5 November 1772 in Copenhagen, Denmark. He arrived in Curaçao 4 March 1815 at age 42. On 2 April 1815, less than a month later, married Cornelia Petronella Engelbron (age 19) and on 27 November 1815, almost 8 months later, their daughter and my ancestor, Maria Augusta was born[4]. I'll let everyone make their own assumptions here.
I don't know how he ended up in Curaçao or what he did for a living until 1821. There was a Captain Cornelis Möller who had plied the waters of northern Europe at least from 1803[II]. At least between 1819 and January 1820 he was traveling between Amsterdam and Curaçao[5]. His boat was brig named Goede Trouw (Good Wedding). Cornelis may have been Joseph's father or brother. Joseph was likely a mate on Cornelis' boat.
The last time Cornelis shows up is in 1820 for a trip from Curaçao to Amsterdam. A year later Joseph starts to show up in the local Curaçao newspaper, De Curaçaosche Courant.[III] From 1821 on he captained his own boat between islands carrying cargo and passengers.
Joseph owned a schooner he called Cornelia, after his wife. Cornelia was 39 tons with a capacity of 400 barrels and was probably between 55 and 60 Ft in length. From a 20 August 1825 for sale ad we see that:
She is a staunch strong built coppered and mostly copper fastened schooner, only 39 Tons and carries 400 barrels or 40 tons Rio de la Hacha wood ; sails well and can be sent to sea immediately without one dollar expense ; her sails, rigging, spars, etc. being all in the most complete order;
Joseph took his boat around the central Caribbean. He visited at least 6 other ports, three in and around Venezuela and three around 500 miles to the north (see figure below).
Figure 3 - Joseph Möller's Ports of Call
There were three aspects of Joseph's business:
1. Cargo: Joseph would move cargo for businessmen from one port to another
2. Import: Joseph also bought various kinds of goods in the ports he visited to be sold out of his home. He likely would arrive in a port and buy whatever he could get a good price for or was in demand back in Curaçao.
3. Passengers: Joseph would take passengers from one port to another. It's not clear how many he could take on but it was common for boats of the day carrying freight to also take a few passengers
There are three ways the Joseph typically showed up in the paper, for maritime news about ships entering and leaving port, ads by Joseph soliciting passengers and cargo and ads by Joseph listing goods he has imported for sale. The ads were usually in Dutch but sometimes in English too.
Below are a couple examples of ads taken out by Joseph:
Figure 4 - Joseph's 1821 advertisement for passage to St. Thomas
Figure 5 - Joseph's 1821 advertisement for imported goods
In 1823, only two years after Joseph started sailing Cornelia he put it up for sale. However, he kept sailing her until June of 1826. The last time she shows up is in a notice from Joseph saying he will leave on 7 June for Santo Domingo in the Dominican Republic and Jaquemel, Aux Cayes and Port-au-Prince all in Haiti. He may have sold it in Haiti or lost it on the way. I can’t find a record of him leaving so he may have never left on this trip. It’s the only trip to Haiti I’ve found.
On 6 September 1826 he was sailing the ketch Louisa Margaretha, named for his youngest daughter. The last time we see the Louisa Margaretha was when she left the harbor on 19 December 1828. As far as I can tell, he only sailed her to Maracaibo.
The next time Joseph shows up in the paper is in 1831 when many of his assets were sold at auction. The notice said:
|
Figure 6 - Notice of Auction for Joseph Möller
|
Public Auction.
THE undersigned as special commissioners of Mr. Joseph Möller, will sell on Monday the 11th of the upcoming month of April by Public Auction:
A house, consisting of several rooms, Ferry House, Cistern, etc. located on the 1st Pietennaay Wyk, no. 14, as well as a Negro called Willomina.
G. FOX, J. Z.
B. A. CANCRYN.
On the 24th March 1831.
The "Negrio" Willomina was, of course, a slave. Even though Joseph and Cornelia did not appear very well off they were able up to this point to own at least one slave.
The auction was just over two years after the last time I've seen Joseph owning a boat. He was probably always just making enough money to get by and at almost 60 years of age Joseph probably was not able to continue sailing his boats. Without a source of income, he probably couldn't continue paying his bills. Thus, the action.
Joseph and Cornelia still had 5 children living at home. The first wouldn't marry until 1835. There is no information as to where the family lived following the auction.
Joseph lived on another 16 years until 7 June 1847 when he died at age 74. Cornelia died on 20 December 1881 at age 86. She never remarried.
Joseph is important to our story because his grandson Joseph Scholtz follows in his footsteps and after Carlos and Henrique is probably the biggest enabler of the creation of Scholtz & Co.
Joseph Möller and Cornelia Petronella Engelbronn were married on 2 April 1815 in Curaçao. Joseph died on 22 Jun 1847 in Curaçao at age 74 and Cornelia died on 20 Dec 1881 in Curaçao at age 86. Their children were:
4. Maria Augusta Möller, b. 27 Nov 1815, Curaçao, d. 23 Apr 1849, Curaçao (33)
5. Johan Frederick Möller, b. 10 Jul 1817, Curaçao, d. 4 Aug 1871, Curaçao (54)
6. Sophia Elizabeth Möller, b. 9 Apr 1820, Curaçao, d. 23 Oct 1900, Curaçao (80)
7. Willem Andreas Möller, b. 2 Jan 1822, Curaçao, d. 16 May 1822 (0)
8. Christiaan Andreas Möller, b. 3 Oct 1823, Curaçao, d. 6 Jan 1824 (0)
9. Louisa Margaretha Möller, b. 25 Oct 1824, Curaçao, d. 5 Dec 1883, Curaçao (59)
10. Christiaan Willem Möller, b. 10 Jul 1827, Curaçao, d. 24 Nov 1836, Curaçao (9)
On 9 September 1835 the Scholtz and Möller families merged with the wedding of Frederik Anthon and Maria Augusta. What I think is cool and a very important part in to the creation of Scholtz & Co. is how much Frederik and Maria's sons took after Frederik and Maria's fathers. Their oldest son Johan Cristafel created a company called J. C. Scholtz & Co. just like his paternal grandfather Johan Christoffel did (both called J. C. Scholtz & Co.). Their second son Joseph became a ship captain just like his maternal grandfather Joseph Möller. They each took a grandfather's name and profession.
While there is no evidence that Frederik had a Scholtz & Co. he was a business man of sorts. He took after his stepfather and became a pharmacist. Johan, Frederik's father had died when Frederik was 5 years old. In 1825 when Frederik was 11 years old his mother married Carel Wilhelm Zeppenfeldt, a pharmacist in Curaçao.
Frederik passed his tests to become a pharmacist in 1829 at age 16 and earned his license in 1832 at age 18[6]. Frederik was working for his stepfather.[IV]
Frederik's kids, like their father, lost a parent when they were very young. When Maria died at age 33 in 1849 she left as many as 7 children between ages 1 and 12. Unlike Frederik's mother, Frederik never remarried.
In 1853 Frederik freed a slave, a two-year-old girl named Causilia Bertilla, through a process called Manumission[7] (see Manumission in Appendix 1). I know this because whenever a slave was freed they would be listed in the newspaper for all to see as an official announcement by the Colonial Secretary. No reason for Manumission is ever given but at least in this case I like to think it was out of compassion. However, if slave owners in Curaçao were anything like slave owners in the US, it's possible that Causilia Bertilla was Frederik's daughter.
Slavery had been winding down for years in the Caribbean and in 1863 (10 years after Frederik freed Causilia Bertilla) slavery was abolished in Curaçao. Slave owners were compensated for their loss in "property" so there are records of how many slaves each person had. Frederik had 8 slaves at the time and was compensated 1600 guilders (200 per slave)[8].
Sometime between 1833 and when Frederik's stepfather died in 1837 Frederik likely took over the business. In 1859 he started taking out ads in the paper.
Figure 7 - De Curacaosche Courant 8 January 1859
Healing without Doctors by ARCANUM of.
Doct. J. A. MULLER Jr..
General famous Pills from the plant, Preservative and Curative, for all
diseases. These Pills have been obtained by
F. A. SCHOLTZ.
Box 150 Pills for f 2:50 Bevar.
Box 325 Pills for f 5:00 Bevar
Frederik was appointed Government Pharmacist in 1874 but resigned his post a few months later.
Frederik was also involved in social welfare. In 1854 he took over for the prominent Jacob Lauffer as head of the "Maatschappij van Weldadigheid" or Benevolent Society.
Figure 8 - De Curacaosche Courant 21 April 1854
COLONIAL SECRETARY.
Curacao the 21 April 1854.
Because of the honorable discharge of Jacob Lauffer as member of the commission of the Benevolent Society in the Netherlands, the vacancy has been fulfilled by appointing F.A. Scholtz.
The Colonial Secretary,
J. Schotborgh Hz.
The "Maatschappij van Weldadigheid" was created following the end of Napoleon's reign when 10% of the population of The Netherlands and 50% of those in cities lived in poverty.[9] Several colonies were set up to house, educate and employ the poor. I don't know what Curaçao's part in the society was.
Frederik was also a deacon in the church.
The last time Frederik shows up in the paper was on 4 February 1882 when he was selling his house. Frederik died 30 September 1887 in Curaçao surviving his wife Maria by 38 years. Their children were:
1. Johan Cristafel Scholtz, b. 23 Jan 1837, Curaçao, d. 26 July 1905, Caracas, Venezuela (68)
2. Cornelia Petronella Scholtz, b. 15 Sep 1838, Curaçao, d. 6 Jan 1881, Curaçao (42)
3. Joseph Scholtz, b. 7 Oct 1839, Curaçao, d. 21 Feb 1911, Hamilton, Bermuda (71)
4. Maria Elizabeth Margaritha Scholtz, b. 31 Mar 1841, Curaçao, d. 4 Aug. 1918 (78)
5. Sophia Wilhelmina Scholtz, b. 11 Nov 1842, Curaçao, d. 4 Sep 1884, Curaçao (41)
6. Lodewyk Evert Scholtz, b. 3 Apr 184, Curaçao, d.7 Par 1845, Curaçao (1)
7. Louisa Catharina Scholtz, b. 5 Jul 1845, Curaçao, d. 20 Sep 1898 (53)
8. Gozewina Augusta Scholtz, b. 22 Oct 1846, d. 11 Aug 1862, Curaçao (15)
9. Evert Carel Scholtz, b. 5 Jan 1848, Curaçao
As far as children are concerned, Johan is the only one I know had a family. Of the three sons, other than Johan, Joseph had no children, Lodewyk died at age 1 and there is no evidence of Evert after birth. Gozewina died at age 15, Cornelia, Maria and Sophia seemed to have died un married. Louisa was married but I have not been able to find any record of children. It is very likely that only Johan have any children. And boy did he, at least 20 children.
Joseph was born on 7 October 1839. We don't know how Joseph ended up as a sailor but it was likely through the influence of his paternal grandfather. Grandfather Joseph Möller died when Joseph was 7½. Since Joseph Möller had sold his house years before it’s possible that he had been living with the Scholtz family. In those days, someone entering that field would start around 11 to 13, only a few years later.
Joseph came of age in Curaçao in the late 1850s. An important event of the early 1860s was the American Civil War. The best way for someone Joseph’s age with an interest in the sea to earn money was blockade running. Guns, ammo and other material would go in to the South, cotton, tobacco and other goods would come out. Blockade runners originally operated out of Nassau and Cuba but later operated out of Bermuda too. We don't know if he actually ever participated in blockade running, however, we do know he benefited from the industry.
Joseph first arrived at Bermuda during this time on the schooner Bravo[10]. I haven't been able to find out very much about the Bravo, except that given is was a schooner, it was not likely a blockade runner. The actual blockade runners were fast steamships. They would meet up with cargo ships off shore.
In an excerpt from the memoirs to his daughter ship captain Henry Hilgrove Hollis talked about a voyage he had made with Joseph as his first mate to Matamoros, Mexico[11]:
We were employed to run cotton between Matamoros and New York as the Civil War was then on and it was very easy for British built vessels to get employment at high rates. Your mother and I had recently been married and I decided to take her with me. We proceeded to the Canary Islands, and from there to Havana where we took on some passengers before continuing to Matamoros. ... We stayed in Matamoros for some while and we later left for New York with a full load of cotton. The day after we left Matamoros we fell in with a lot of cotton that had been thrown overboard by some blockade runners. Your mother stood by the wheel all day as the rest of us were busy picking up the cotton and getting it on board. We managed to get 21 bales that day. We then sailed on to New York where we sold the cotton at a good price.
Joseph's share of the proceeds from the cotton were supposedly enough to give him a start financially.
The boat they were on was the brig Harvest Queen[12], a boat that Joseph would one day be captain of. The Harvest Queen had been launched on 1860 and Hollis had been the first captain. On her maiden voyage, she had sailed with a crew of seven, although it seems that on this voyage the crew couldn't have been much larger than 3.
Figure 9 - Newspaper announcement of the first voyage of the Harvest Queen[13]
In May of 1865 Joseph entered the second phase of his maritime carrier. He was promoted to captain of the schooner Harkaway at age 25.[14] She was 67 Ft, 90 tons and built in 1855. Like the Harvest Queen, her primary owner was Nicholas C. McCallan[15]. The first trip was from St. Georges, Bermuda to Havana and back. They left on 13 May with 117 barrels and baskets of onions, 51 barrels of potatoes and 14 barrels of mackerel and returned with a cargo full of sugar.
We know a huge amount about his first voyage because he took on a 12 year old boy named Fred Virtue for Fred's first time at sea.[**] Years later (around 1920) Fred wrote about that trip and I've got a copy of it in the Appendix. Fred signed on for six months for $6, $3 in advance as a cabin boy.
Figure 10 - The schooner Harkaway with Jacob Minors in the inset, the pilot who escorted the Harkawy out of harbor (modern painting is done by Deryck Foster)[16]
The trip was a first for both Fred and Joseph:
I wanted to see Mr. McC(allan) and the master of the Schooner Harkaway, Captain Schultz. It was his first voiage master from Bermuda. I talked business with them about my size and age. The Captain would make me feel a bit sick at times when he'd eye me and say to the owner He is a bit too young. I heard the old Gentleman say he is big enough to eat his hash.
Capt says to me well boy what wages do you expect — Six dollars and a half months advance. Capt smiled and said to the Owner He talks salt dont he.
Oh yes says the owner with a smile, come and signe your name Boy for the Captain will fixe you up when he gets you on board. Here take this $3 bill and get home quick. Fetch your Donkey (seaman's bag) and Donkeys Breakfast down and get to work.
When Fred's mother heard he has signed up with the Harkaway, she was not too sure it was a good idea:
Of course she wanted to know who gave me leave to ship and a thousand other things. Then she fixes herself up and away we go down to the Wharf, she had me troting by her side all the way. She calls for Captain S— and Mr. McC— the owner. Now the Captain did not feel to good about then for he had just lost seven or eight Doubloons from his pocket overboard.
The owner said. Oh let him go, it will do him good. Of course the Captain said he would take care of the Boy and fetch him back alright, if I did not get sick of him before I got to sea. I fancy the Captain having the loss of so much money softened Mother's heart and said Well Captain my boy may go with you but be good to him.
We learn a lot about Joseph from Fred's story. For one thing, Joseph, like his older brother Johan, was very good at languages:
Our Captain could talk Spanish as well as he could talk any other language. I guess he could talk to any man he chanced to meet. I was his boatman. He would call along by a Dutch ship and talk, then an English ship and talk, a Spanish ship and talk or a Frenchman, it was all the same to him. I said to him one day How is it Captain Schultz I see you talk to everybody Can you talk to those Chinese — Oh yes my Boy I can talk to those Devils too.
Joseph, like most sailors of his time believed in initiation of new sailors. He put Fred through hell. From the trip to Havana:
The Captain and Mate had me for a play thing, having me to put a hand spike in the scupper to stop the ship from rolling, tie my hands together and fetch them down over my knees and rieve a broomstick through above my bands and under my knees, then roll me around the deck like a ball. Get the end of a rope, make it fast round my middle and put me over the ship's side. Then have another rope fastened to me leading under the ships keel up the other side, and they would swear they would keel hall (haul) me if I did not tell the truth and answer such questions as they put to me. We had lovely weather all this time some five or six days.
On the return trip Joseph convinced young Fred that Father Neptune had come aboard to meet with him:
The Captain and mate bad made up their mind to see Mr. Neptune that voiage. Of course I knew too that Mr. Neptune or Father Neptune was coming on board. Oh I could see it all right.
The old Harkaway was just full of rats and 1 was the rat catcher (and) had to see the traps set in the ships hole (hold) every night. So one night in the Dog Watch I went below to place the traps for the night. All was still on the deck and every body seemed a bit sleepy as I thought. I hardly had time to place my traps before I heard the Report of a Gun something I had not seen on the Harkaway. Then I heard someone shouting like thunder Schooner ahoy. Halow cries our Captain Who are you — I am Father Neptune — I want to come on board.
You are welcome to come on board, cries our Captain.
About this time I came up the cabin gangway as I had to go up and down the trap in the cabin floor. Say boys the worst of it was when Father Neptune's gun went off my lamp went out and it was so dark I could not find my way to the trap. I was a bit excited for I could not make out what the trouble was. I heard the gun and it sounded like a big one too. And the hailing of the schooner it seemed to be a long way off, and such a grim voice. Thinks I to myself Can it be a pirate.
As I said before it took me some time to get on deck. I was soaked with sweat. 1 looked away to the weather quarter and there I saw a great Light. The crew nil seemed to be as bad as myself tumbling over one a nother getting aft. The Captain went forward to see if Father Neptune was coming on board. When I looked forward there he was. Oh I knew (it was) him as soon as I saw him, because we had no one like that on board. Such a whisker and face. His clothing looked so quare. A great Bulls Eye lamp in one hand a speaking Trumpet in the other. He was abusing the Captain because the Mate was not there to receive him on the Fore Castle head.
He told the Captain to get on the Quarter Deck where he belonged.
When the Captain gets on the Poop old Neptune makes use of the speaking Trumpet again,
By enquiring if there was any of his sons on board.
— Yes sir I have one young sailor on board — Then I shall come on board as I have a few questions to put to him.
By this time I was well aloft. He sent two of the men to fetch me down. I saw it was no use dodging about so down I came.
Old Neptune stood by the pumps — these old time pumps was used in those days and wood at that. I tell you boys he was a frightful old chap to look at. He had all the tools required to Ill treat me with. A Bulls Eye lamp that he used to look me over with (and) a tin with a horrible mixture — it smelt to me like cole tar fish oil and rotten fish. Oh I was such a sight when daylight came. You talk about a Rayzor it was about two feet long and had teeth like a saw. But shaving paste, that he had in a little bag and he lade it on with a piece of Iron hoop You was sure to get it in your mouth and eyes — well I can't tell you what I thought it was. I saw he had a large Dager by his side (and) a few large Wedges under his Arm. I wondered what can those Wedges be used for. Of course I soon found out for when the men got me down on deck he ordered the two of them to fetch me along and in no mild tone of voice either.
I steped up a kind of bold. One of the men told me to shake hands with Father Neptune. Oh I'll shake his hand he shouted just you hold him. He hands over a bit of rope with an Eye splice in one end to one of the men saying put on his Kicking Lanyard and hitch it tight too — I shall teach him to clime aloft with out an order. The rope was rather tight for it cut the skin above my foot. Now he says rieve the other end through that Ring Bolt in the Deck near the Pumps. Now comes the trouble when old Neptune calls for the Captain and makes some enquiries about me. Well I thought it was all up with me for (after) the first answer the Captain gave old Neptune shouted Oh he did did he, well I shall teach him. Now he takes two of these Wedges from under his Arm. He places them under the pump break (brake) with my fingers between the Wedges and one of the men was ordered to break down on the break. The man on the pump break was no friend of mine simply because I'd not fill and light his pipe. The Captain had no idea nor the Steward either what my punishment was only the man on the pump break and myself. I dear not open my mouth for every time I did I was sure to get it filled with this horrible mixture. Every question old Neptune asked the Captain old Neptune was sure to say Oh he did did he — no matter what the answer was. It was the same order to the man on the pump break — Here you a little more power on that pump break or I will treat you to some of the same. Captain and all hands seemed to be under his orders. After a few of these orders, a little more on the pump break you, my hand seemed dead I had no feeling in it until the order was given to take out the Wedges from the pump and unrieve the kicking lanyard from out of the ring bolt. Take him in the scrappers old Neptune (said) undress him and scrub him then bring him on the Quarter deck where I'll comb his hair and shave him.
I could not help it I showed fight with the men anyway when they begun to undress me.
Of course my fight was of no use for I was too light and Neptune got me when the men had carried his orders out. They gave me the Frogs March along one the lee side of the Quarter deck and handed me over to Father Neptune. Now boys he soaked me proper. Smeared my face with his old mixture — I can never forget that smell and the taste was horrible.
I dear not open my mouth for if I did he'd shove the Brush in. He scraped most of the skin off my face I was sore for days.
Now the mixture proper was what he coated me with from Head to heels. Oh I was a picture to look at when daylight came.
The worst of it was I had to give ten boxes of Guava jellie or he wanted one of my teeth for a keepsake. Of course I gave it to him and I abused him. For that I was to be keelhalled. I got in the ships hole and could not be found until daylight I came on deck. Old Neptune was out of sight. Now I got lots of ropes ending over this as all hands kept on bothering me about it for old Neptune (had) asked all kind of questions, about your sweethart, if you had been a theif or a lire, if you was good to your Mother and Father — I was glad to get close of him.
After all he went through, Fred says the worst thing was losing his 10 boxes of Guava Jelly. I'm not sure Fred's mother would feel the Joseph took good care of him.
The purpose of the trip was to trade onions and potatoes for sugar. This was probably a barter deal. The local farmers in Bermuda would finance the trip and sell the sugar in Bermuda.
Joseph went on to skipper the Harkaway at least through the end of 1865. His routes took him places such as Havana, New Orleans, Mobile and Pensacola. Following his time on Harkaway Joseph did a short stint on another schooner called Minerva[17]. I haven't been able to find out anything on Minerva. It was from Bermuda, but like many of their boats could have been registered in Canada. There were many schooners named Minerva at the time.
With the end of the war, Bermuda found itself in a strong economic position. The island had 61 sailing vessels and was able to immediately resume their pre-war volume of trade[18]. By 1867 Joseph took over as captain of the Brig Harvest Queen where he had been first mate during the Civil War. He was only her second captain after Henry Hilgrove Hollis.
The Harvest Queen was built in Bermuda in 1860 and belonged to a group of families from Bailey's Bay led by Nicholas Claude McCallan[19]. The families were mostly farmers. When the price they could get for their crops sold in foreign ports dropped the cost of shipping had become prohibitively expensive. They decided if they could build a boat on their own their shipping cost would drop dramatically. They worked out a system to build the boat with no money where people would earn shares for their work done on building the boat. For a certain amount of work, you would earn one share. Some would contribute cedar from their land to earn shares. Others would contribute food to the workers. Eventually they realized they needed some funds so they got McCallan, a wealthy merchant from St. Georges to invest. McCallan ended up with 50% of the shares.
She was 144 tons and 84 feet long[20]. While only a little longer than the Harkaway, the Harvest Queen was more than 50% larger.
Joseph was making a good impression. When some of the more experienced captains were losing boats and cargo Joseph was not. According to Wilkinson, "In contrast with these clumsy and costly efforts at transporting cattle it may be mentioned that Captain Joseph Scholtz had just made six successive trips with time from New York without losing a single head."[21]
Figure 11 - A modern painting of the Harvest Queen in St. Georges Harbour, painted by Deryck Foster, with the face of her compass in the insert[22]
From April 1867 until March of 1870 Joseph sailed the Harvest Queen between Bermuda, New York, Boston and Nova Scotia with occasional stops in other places. Some of the products arriving in New York include sugar, cotton, rubber and produce. Many of them may have come from places further south through Bermuda[23].
Joseph went through another life change. On 13 February 1868 Joseph married Eliza Eleanor Peniston at Smith's Parish Church, Bermuda[24]. Eliza's uncle was Jeremiah William Peniston[25], one of the co-owners of the Harvest Queen[26]. Like Hollis before him, Joseph took his wife with him, at least for the very next voyage[27].
Joseph's life may not have been all work. A couple months earlier Joseph had held a Christmas Party at his home in Walsingham[28].
Figure 12 - A contemporary painting of the Harvest Queen by an unknown artist with a picture of her first captain, Henry Hilgrove Hollis[29]
For three years Joseph and Harvest Queen were synonymous. That is until 4 March 1870 when both Harvest Queen and another boat with the same owner named Aruba were in Boston Harbor at the same time. For some reason, Joseph moved over to the Aruba. Aruba was the same length but a little smaller, 127 tons instead of 144. Aruba, built in 1865 was five years newer. A few days later on the way from Boston to New York the Harvest Queen on 12 March was struck by another boat, lost both anchors and went aground, high and dry off Oak Neck, Long Island Sound (not sure where that is). Captain Robert Boggs' account of the incident was:
...at 9pm, vessel going 11 knots, was run into by a Sound Steamer, carrying away port studdingsail booms and main gaff with mainsail, which was set at the time. Our side-lights were burning brightly and the steamer was plainly visible, and although hailed and signalled did not stop or pay the slightest attention to us. At 10pm, snowing hard, and it being impossible to see a length ahead, the pilot ordered the vessel to be anchored, which was done at 10.20pm in 5 fathoms of water, with 45 fathoms on port and 30 fathoms on starboard anchors, the vessel being sheltered and laying easily. At 1pm, 13th inst., wind suddenly shifted from E. to N.E. and blew a gale; paid out 15 fathoms more chain on each anchor. At 3am sea making a complete breach over her, and freezing hard. At 5.15am parted port chain and almost immediately after the starboard; the ship paying off inshore, hoisted the jib and ported the helm, but she struck aft with such violence as to prevent the crew from standing at the pumps, where they were stationed, and beat over the reef on to the beach at Oak Neck, Long Island, where she now lies bilged and decks stove in, with forward house and boat washed away. The pilot and all my crew were badly frost bitten; the vessel was lost about 15 miles from her dock in New York, 20 days from Bermuda.[30]
McCallan and the other owners received $9,000 in insurance money for her loss[31].
Joseph sailed the Aruba for at least the next couple months. After that the next time we see Joseph in 1872 in the third phase of his maritime carrier. Joseph was sailing a schooner called Mary, 70 Ft and only 51 tons. It was a step down in size, but this time he owned the boat himself. He was no longer working for someone else. We only see the Mary once, in 1872 arriving in Bermuda after leaving New York. Joseph's next boat, a schooner named F A Scholtz was probably named for Joseph's father Frederik Anthon Scholtz. His father was still alive and lived until 1887. Like the Mary, F A Scholtz was listed as being either owned by Joseph himself or F. A. Scholtz & O. The F A Scholtz was 120 tons, more than twice the Mary and almost as much as the Harvest Queen. She was built in and registered in Liverpool, Nova Scotia in 1874[32]. Like many of the Bermuda boats Joseph had sailed in in the past, the F A Scholtz was registered in Canada.
The other big difference is that Joseph had expanded his range to include the Caribbean. His new ports of call included Demerara (now part of Guyana), Havana and St Thomas, in addition to his old stomping grounds. Joseph sailed the F A Scholtz in 1874 and 1875. On 8 January 1876 Joseph sold the boat to a Venezuelan[33], thus ending the period where Joseph worked for himself.
This was probably inevitable. Ships were getting bigger and faster with more cargo capabilities. Joseph's Schooner may not have been able to carry enough cargo to make a living wage. In addition, Bermuda's position as the hub of trade was ending. Because ships were bigger and faster there was no reason to stop in Bermuda. If Joseph was going to grow his carrier he would move somewhere else.
At this point, Joseph and Eliza packed up their things and moved off the island. The stopped at Curaçao on the way. This may have been the first time Joseph saw his family since he had left about 15 years earlier. It was probably the first time Eliza met the family. Then on 9 March 1876 Joseph and Eliza arrived in New York harbor on the ship Curaçao, having left Curaçao for the start of the fourth phase of Joseph's maritime carrier. Within a few weeks Joseph was a naturalized American citizen and he and Eliza found a home in Brooklyn. Joseph and Eliza stayed in Brooklyn for a few years before moving to Montclair, NJ[34].
For the next eight years Joseph went to work for J. Agostini and captained three different Brigs. Each one much larger than anything he had been on before. In 1876 Joseph was on the just built Brig Edwin Rowe, 109 Ft and 231 tons, built in Fairhaven, CT and registered in New York. There is only one trip showing up in the newspapers before he switched to Agostini's slightly larger Brig Emma Dean. Emma Dean was 118 Ft and 270 tons, was built in Greenpoint, Long Island in 1871 and was register in Venezuela and St. Kitts.
On the Emma Dean Joseph starts regular trips between New York and Porto Cabello, Venezuela, Emma Dean's primary route. One of his trips Emma Dean in May of 1877 that stopped in La Guaira, Venezuela had a huge impact on the creation of Scholtz & Co. in four ways.
First that Joseph was transporting goods between New York and Venezuela just as Scholtz & Co. did in the early days.
Second that the primary product he was transporting from Venezuela to New York were coffee and hides, the primary business of the first incarnation of Scholtz & Co.
Third that he was able to reconnect with his older brother Johan. There is no way to know how in touch Joseph and Johan kept since they were growing up in Curaçao. But we do know that from this time on, they were very close.
Fourth he didn't leave empty handed. In addition to his cargo, Joseph left with Johan's son Carlos[35] (more on that in the next later on).
Figure 13 - On the right is Obdulia and Johan and I like to think that on the left is Eliza and Joseph
Johan, Joseph’s older brother and oldest sibling, was born in Curaçao in 1837. At some point he moved to Venezuela, a country only 35 miles from Curaçao. It is likely there that Johan met and married Obdulia Roldán after moving. Tradition says Obdulia's parents were from Seville, Spain. Their family may have owned a winery there. That’s all I know of Obdulia. Tradition had said the Johan worked in La Guaira, the port city below Caracas and the family lived in Caracas.
Until recently I haven't found any records of any of the Scholtz family while living in Venezuela but now that is changing. The first record is for the civil registry of Rosa Amalia's 1 June 1877 birth. She was born in Caracas and the record said that Johan was a businessman and lived in the area. However, many of her siblings before and after her had said they were born La Guaira or had at different times listed multiple places including La Guaira. So there was definitely some truth to the family residing in both La Guaira and Caracas. But it was not quite as simple as the family lived in Caracas and Johan worked in La Guaira. Because so many of the children were born in La Guaira we know that Obdulia spent much of her time there too.
Tradition says that Johan knew many languages (like his younger brother Joseph) and was consul general for six European countries at La Guaira. Johan was Consul General at La Guaira for Belgium for about 20 years.[††] Johan held this post from 14 October 1881[36] until around 1901. Johan was the first one holding the post in 10 years. In addition, for most of that time he was either Consul or Vice Consul for Denmark, Norway and Sweden.
La Guaira is the port city below Caracas. A consul general is usually a political appointment to work in a foreign country and assist people from the represented country do business in the stationed country. Back then, a consul general made most of their money from charging fees for services rendered.
In addition to being a consul general Johan was a businessman. We get that from Rosa Amalia's birth record. In an 1883 report to the Belgium Foreign Ministry[37], Johan said that La Guaira used to be the most important business center in Venezuela but that it was now just a transit point where virtually every business in the town was an extension of a business in Caracas. This could be the true reason why Johan and his family lived both in Caracas and La Guaira.
As far as what business, all we have are snapshots that show
a wide variety of activities. The first record I can find is from 1867 when
Johan was 28. Johan was shipping over 1000 Jipijapa hats to Bordeaux, France.[38] Jipijapa hats are named for the
region in Ecuador they were made and from tree used to make them. 40 years
after this shipment Ecuadorians would be selling them to Americans building the
Panama Canal where they would adopt their now more common name of Panama Hats.
The next activity is from 1868 and 1869 where Johan is acting as a representative from a Caracas company.[‡‡] I’ve found nothing after that until 1885 when Johan is the agent for the Banco Comercial de Caracas on Bolivar Street in La Guaira.
In 1891 the US started publishing a directory of businesses in Latin America. Johan was listed as one of about 45 general merchants for La Guaira[39] and the next year was also listed as "Importer, Exporter, Commission Merchant" of general merchandise[40].
In 1893 Johan was one of many founding investors in the insurance company Compania Venezolana de Seguros de Caracas (Venezuelan Insurance Company of Caracas).[41] The original intent of the company was to handle all kinds of insurance but by 1903 they were primarily handling maritime and fire insurance.
A book lists export activity for two months of 1896. Johan shipped (to an unknown destination) 3,086 Kilograms of produce in the month of June 1895 and in August shipped 8,600 Kilograms of something else (a bad scan prevents me from seeing what was shipped).[42]
At least by 1898 Johan was also a steamship ticking agent[43]. In 1902 he was listed as an exporter of cocoa from La Guaira.[44] The last record of Johan is an ad from the 1904 edition of "The Book of Trinidad"[45].
I call this Scholtz & Co. 2.0 because of one small part of a newspaper article from The Algona Upper Des Moines from Algona, Iowa, 16 November 1892. Algona is a small town in a remote part of the state. But they had a favorite son who was, among other things the Consul General of the United States in La Guaira. In the article there is a letter of thanks from a couple businesses in La Guaira one of which is J. C. Scholtz & Co. It’s written in the exact same way it was for his paternal grandfather/namesake 20 years before Johan’s birth. So, while other business directories simply referred to him as J. C. Scholtz, he referred to himself as J. C. Scholtz & Co.
The only other reference to Johan’s company is in the 1902 edition of the same Belgian Consular Almanac that lists Johan as s consul agent. This entry says “J. Scholtz y Ca (exporter of cocoa) Dutch” in La Guaira.
If I hadn’t seen this obscure reference to J. C. Scholtz & Co. in a rural Iowa newspaper I would never of know of this exciting story. Here is the letter of thanks:[46]
La Guayra, Venezuela, Oct. 10, 1892:
Col. Philip C. Hanna, United States Consul at La Guayra, Venezuela: We the undersigned, merchants and citizens of La Guayra take this method of expressing our warmest gratitude for the protection afforded by you during the dark days of the recent revolution. It seems needless to recall the humane manner in which you celebrated the anniversary of the independence of the great nation you represent, viz., by feeding at your own expense the poor of La Guayra – the manly and independent stand you took during Mendoza’s “reign of terror,” when foreign consuls and merchants were imprisoned, and you were cut off from all communication with both the minister and your home government – and last but not least, your fearless protest to Ger. Quinteros, declaring the you would not tolerate his firing upon the town without giving 40 hours’ notice to remove women, children and helpless people. These and other kindly acts, too numerous to mention, have enshrined you in the hearts of the good people of La Guayra and will ever remain a green spot in that desert of anarchy and chaos.
Wishing that the people of Venezuela may have the good fortune to have you with us for many years to come, we have the honor of subscribing ourselves your grateful and obedient servants.
J. C. Scholtz & Co.
P. L. Boulton & Co., and others.
During the late 19th and early 20th centuries there was a lot of political instability in Venezuela and at least two revolutions. In 1892 Joaquín Crespo, General and former President, was leading a revolution. By the end of August, he had taken Maracaibo, Ciudad Bolivar and with Puerto Cabello was only around 100 miles from Caracas. With defeat in the cards, Luciano Mendoza, one of the top generals for the government still in power declared himself dictator of Venezuela.[47] With no money to pay the troops Mendoza decided to extract money from some of the wealthy and some of the previous leaders. He was demanding between $25,000 and $150,000. In addition, troops were looting homes in both Caracas and La Guaira.[48] Mendoza’s general in La Guaira rounded up many of the leading merchants, especially foreign merchants and consuls and demanded between $500 and $2000 from each if they wanted to be set free. The consuls included the one representing Belgium, our own Johan Cristafel Scholtz. And this is where the U. S. Consul Hanna comes in. For some reason he was not arrested while his Vice-Consul was. What happened next is best described in a book on prominent progressive men from Iowa:[49]
During the civil war in Venezuela in 1892 Mr. Hanna had an opportunity to show what was in him. Mendoza, the dictator, had seized the government and installed himself in power in Caracas. He needed money, for his troops were clamoring for pay, and the treasury was empty. General Escheverra, Mendoza’s chief lieutenant, concluded to raise money by force wherever it could be found. So he arrested eighty-five of the wealthiest people in La Guayra, the seaport and commercial metropolis of Venezuela. Most of the prisoners were foreign merchants, but seventeen of the were consul, including the consuls of Russia, France, Belgium, Hawaii and nearly every Latin country. They were seized merely because they had money and the Dictator expected to get an immense ransom from all these prisoners. Consul Hanna had for some reason not been imprisoned. He demanded the release of the imprisoned merchants and consuls because there was a naturalized American among them. Mr. Hanna was alone and was not allowed to communicate with the outside world. He had no troops at his command and his threats to the Venezuelan general produced no effect. In the harbor at La Guayra, where the merchants and consuls were imprisoned, was a little Spanish war ship under command of Lieutenant Eulate, afterwards the captain of the Viscaya, the Spanish war ship sunk in Santiago. Conus Hanna seized a row boat and himself rowed out to the Spanish ship, for no one would do it for him. He told the story to the Lieutenant who loaned him 30 marines and the ship’s launch. Returning to the prison, Consul Hanna demanded the release of the prisoners, but it was refused, and the Venezuelans fired a cannon at the Spanish ship, the ball striking the ship’s bow. This made the Spaniard so angry that he threatened to open fire on the city unless the prisoners were instantly released, and Consul General Hanna gave the Venezuelan twenty minutes to comply with the demand, which he did. For this act Consul Hanna received the thanks of twenty nations for protecting and rescuing their citizens and consuls.
So Johan’s thanks to Consul Hanna was very personal given that he was one of the 85 taken to prison.
By the end of 1892 Crespo had defeated Mendoza and the rest of the incumbent government. This was clearly pleased the Scholtz family. They may or may not have directly supported Crespo but they were certainly happy he was victorious.
In 1899 Cipriano Castro overthrew Crespo’s successor in the The Revolución Liberal Restauradora (See “The Revolución Liberal Restauradora” section in Appendix 3). Almost immediately there were problems. Castro seemed to be able to upset not only the Venezuelans but almost every other country too. There were several prominent attempts to overthrow Castro and one of the most notable was the Revolución Libertadora led by Manuel Matos (see “Matos and La Revolución Libertadora” and “The Final Battle” in Appendix 3). Matos who was the richest man in Venezuela, had led many banks and been the Minister of Finance. He had also been an investor in Johan’s son Carlos’ company in New York (see The end of Scholtz, Sanchez & Co. in The Lead Up to Scholtz & Co.). Matos lost and was forced to retreat to the island of Curaçao. After Matos, Castro went after the final pockets of rebellion starting in March 1903 and defeated them in July.
At some point Johan did something to get Castro mad. On 2 June 1903 Johan was expelled from Venezuela by a decree from Castro.[50] It doesn’t specifically say why but it does say Johan was “notoriamente perjudicial al orden público” or “notoriously harmful to public order”. He was the only person expelled and only one of two in all of 1903.[§§]
Just over 2 months after being exiled Johan wrote to Castro it seems to congratulate him on his victory over the rebels at Ciudad Bolivar, pledge his allegiance to Castro and ask if he could return. We get this from Castro’s reply. The letter has been translated to English.[51]
Letter from General Castro to Mr. J. C. Scholtz
Caracas: August 20, 1903
Mr. J. C. Scholtz
Curacao
This is in answer to your letter written in Curacao on the 17th of this month.
Sir,
I am not the triumphant, in my opinion it is Venezuela that has triumphed, because if I had not been the winner in the fight against the crime that has just ended, our country would have had to bear the weight of the fatal consequences of the fight, however, on the other hand, today all is peaceful with hopes for progress and wellbeing, confidence is renewed, social happiness is renewed and the country is again on the proper path to its destiny.
Therefore, at the least, the above is understood by our good citizens and all those who are not guided by ruinous and petty passions.
This was exactly what I looked for and strived for, and now, today, to see my dreams of yesterday come to fruition, it is understandable for me to be happy, very happy, with the important results contributing to the salvation of our homeland.
You say that you have contributed to the prosperity and development of your second homeland, of your children’s homeland and all of their desires and, even more, you wish to continue working together toward the same goals.
It is well that I have never asked any Venezuelan nor any foreigner of good standing where they came from, nor where they are going; I have not been in the habit of looking back, I look forward, and above all, in the spirit of justice it is not in my nature to hold on to passions nor to hatred.
Therefore, after taking into account your agreement with the above list of ideas, I judge you today as a former repentant revolutionary of yesterday. I have no need to know the reasons that you had for your former position; I know enough for me to satisfactorily rule on your petition, knowing this and knowing that your best interests lie in your intention to come to collaborate in the work for the overall good; it is enough for me, in the end, (to know, sic.), that you may have been mistaken due to someone’s bad consul or by your own error in judgement, but you are no traitor because you would not have received any benefit of consequence or value.
You are able to return to the bosom of this country where we, both citizens and foreigners, only wish you well as long as you toe the line, and (maintain the, sic.) mutual respect that must exist between nations and individuals.
I am your kind servant,
CIPRIANO CASTRO
Castro tries to convince Johan that everything he does is for Venezuela and not for himself. He may or may not have believed this, but he was certainly not making life better of Venezuelans.
The expulsion order was lifted on 21 August 1903
As far as I can tell, neither Johan or Obdulia ever came to the United States.
Figure 15 - Johan and Obdulia with 10 of their children - Jose' Henrique (1873-1854), Rosa Amalia (c1879-dec), Frederico (?-dec), Isabel (c1878,dec), Alfredo (1881-dec), Obdulia (?-dec). Front row Elisa (c1877-dec), Carlos Alfredo (1864-1946), Obdulia Roldan (mother, ?-dec), Johan Cristafel (father, 1837-dec), Mimi (?-dec) or someone else, Guillermo (?-dec) or Luis Roberto (c1869-dec). This family portrait probably taken at a studio in Caracas, Venezuela. Josefina (Gozewina in Dutch) Alida (1864-1917) was probably in Curaçao with her family. Louisa Theresa (1882-dec) may have been visiting her.
Johan probably died around 1904 and Obdulia lived at least until 1911 when she was listed as the next of kin on a passenger list. While Joseph and Eliza didn't have any children Johan and his wife Obdulia had tons. Johan and Obdulia had 14 children:
1. Guillermo Scholtz, b. ?, Venezuela, d. Aft 1918
2. Mimi Scholtz, b. c1859, Venezuela, d. Bef 1946
3. Cornelia Petronila Scholtz, b. Jun 1860, Venezuela, d. 11 Nov 1879, Caracas, Venezuela (19)
4. Josefina Alida Scholtz, b. 08 Apr 1864, Venezuela, d. 17 Oct 1917, Brooklyn, New York (53)
5. Carlos Alfredo Scholtz, b. 04 Aug 1864, La Guaira, Venezuela, d. 13 May 1946, 291 Fisher Av, White Plains, New York (81)
6. Juan Federico Scholtz, b. 12 Aug 1867, La Guaira, Venezuela, d. 16 Jan 1925, Curaçao (Abt 68)
7. Luis Roberto Scholtz, b. Abt 1869, La Guaira or Caracas, Venezuela, d. 21 Nov 1935, Brooklyn, New York (Abt 68)
8. Obdulia Scholtz, b. Abt 1870, Venezuela, d. Bef 1946
9. Eliza Scholtz, b. 1871, Caracas or La Guaira, Venezuela, d. Bef 1946
10. Isabel Scholtz, b. Abt 1872, Caracas or La Guaira, Venezuela, d. Aft 1954
11. José Henrique Scholtz, b. 02 May 1873, La Guaira, Venezuela, d. 23 Sep 1954, Brooklyn, New York (81)
12. Rosa Amalia Scholtz, b. 1 Jun 1876, Caracas, Venezuela, d. Aft 1946
13. Alfredo Scholtz, b. Abt 1881, Caracas, La Guaira or Maiquetia, Venezuela, d. Bef 1946
14. Louisa Theresa Scholtz, b. 1882, Caracas or Mariquetia, Venezuela, d. Aft 1946
As far as children are concerned, Josefina, Luis, Henrique and Alfredo had children. I know nothing of Guillermo, Mimi and Obulia. Cornelia died young. Carlos and Federico had no children. Rosa Amalia was married later in life to a man from Colombia who already had children. The last three known to Henrique’s family as the Three Tias, Eliza, Isabel and Louisa, all visited the US in their 30s, 40s and 50s as unwed women.
Starting at least by 1877 Johan and Obdulia's children were visiting Joseph in New York one, two or three at a time, sometimes by themselves and sometimes escorted by Eliza and or Joseph. All in all, at least 11 of the children visited New York.
That first visit in 1877 was by Carlos, one of the eldest, arriving at age 12 and again at age 18. In 1880 Mimi and Luis arrived. A few years later Luis and Josephina came at ages around 16 and 20. In 1887 Carlos (age 22) came again. By 1900 9 of the children had visited Joseph and Eliza.
Johan had another family (for the evidence of this second family see Appendix 6 – The Case for Johan Scholtz and Louise Morton). Louise Morton was born around 1876 in St. Thomas, then part of Denmark and moved to La Guaira probably with her mother and father by 1891. It’s likely that they had five children together. No father was mentioned in the birth records so their last names were listed as Morton. Around 1903, the same time Johan was expelled from Venezuela Louise, her five children and at least her mother moved to Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago. After arriving the children started using the last name Scholtz.
Their Children are:
1. Juan Francisco “John” Scholtz (Morton), b. Abt 1892, La Guaira, Venezuela
2. José Conrado Esteban “Joseph” Scholtz (Morton), b. 26 Dec 1894, La Guaira, Venezuela, d. 27 Dec 1974, Suffolk County, New York (80)
3. Alberto Fernando Scholtz (Morton), b. 14 Dec 1896, La Guaira, Venezuela
4. Victor Mario Scholtz (Morton), b. Abt 1900, La Guaira, Venezuela, d. 23 Aug 1933, Manhattan, New York (33)
5. Lilian Wilhelmina Scholtz (Morton), b. 5 May 1902, La Guaira, Venezuela, d. 1976 (73)
José and Victor eventually moved to New York. By the time José arrived he was going by the name Joseph Conrad. John, who went by John or Johnny, moved back to Venezuela. Lilian and probably Alberto stayed in Trinidad.
Getting back to Joseph, he continued sailing brigs for Agostini. He stayed on the Emma Dean until early 1878 when he switched back to the Edwin Rowe. Edwin Rowe's primary route is between New York and Ciudad Boliver, Venezuela. Ciudad Bolivar is a city about 100 miles up the Oronoco River. The Oronoco meets the ocean near Trinidad, so this route wasn't taking him close to La Guaira anymore.
Joseph sailed this route until 30 December 1880. From the New York Times, 30 January 1881:
LOST ON A CORAL REEF.
THE BRIGANTINE EDWIN ROWE WRECKED OFF THE COAST OF PORTO RICO.
Capt. Joseph Schultz, Mate Charles Heyer, and a seaman named O. C. Olson, of the brigantine Edwin Rowe, which was wrecked off the coast of Porto Rico on Dec. 30, arrived here yesterday in the schooner Azelda and Laura, Capt. Jorgensen, from Mayaguez. The Rowe made a quick passage from this port to Ciudad Bolivar. on the Orinoco River, where her cargo was landed. She left that port and started for Turk's Island in ballast. The weather was favorable and she was making a rapid run. On the night of Dee. 29 she was off the coast of Porto Rico. Capt. Schultz had kept the brigantine, as he thought, well out beyond the reefs. Early next morning the wind was light, but, it is supposed, some unexpected current drifted the Rowe out of her course. At 4 o'clock A. M. the mate went on deck. A few minutes later he was warned by the lookout that breakers lay right beneath the bow. They had not made sufficient noise to give any warning. In an instant the brigantine drifted, broadside on upon a small reef lying five miles off the coast of Porto Rico. The vessel struck in such a manner that it was impossible, to get her off again. A few hours afterward she began to pound on the reef, and threatened to break up. Several futile attempts had been made to float her in the meantime. The Captain ordered two of the sailors to climb up the foremast and unbend the foreroyal[***]. This the men refused to do, saying that they would be obliged to run too great a risk. The weather remained favorable during the afternoon and evening, and the crew decided to remain on board during the night.
In the morning a boat was lowered and the entire crew went in her to the mainland. They found a small hamlet on the coast about 15 miles from Cape Roxo. They took up their quarters there and went out to the wreck each day. They saved the spars, sails, and everything which could be cut away. The wreck was finally left to go to pieces. The crew went to Mayaguez where three of the men took passage for this port on the schooner Hattie Weston, which has already landed them here. Capt. Schultz took passage on the Azelda and Laura. The American Consul paid the fares of the mate and Olson on the same vessel. The Edwin Rowe, which was insured, was owned by Mr. J. Agostini, of No. 20 Beaver street. She was built at Fair Haven, Conn., in 1864, but was thoroughly repaired last year. She measured 230 tons, was 109½ feet long, 27½ across her beam, and 11 feet deep.
As far as I can tell this is the only ship that Joseph lost. Losing ships was not uncommon in those days given the technology and the lack of aids to navigation. Obviously J. Agostini still trusted him because one year later we find him on a brand new Agostini brig called Evelina. She was probably commissioned to replace the Edwin Rowe and sailed the same route, New York to Ciudad Bolivar. Evelina was his largest boat to date. At 117 Ft and 278 tons she was slightly larger than the Emma Dean.
Joseph only stayed with Agostini another 2 years before starting the fifth and final phase of his maritime carrier. Joseph was moving up to steam. Joseph was captain of the Ciudad de Bolivar Steamship Line's steamship Craighill. The line belonged to Walker, Donald & Co., but they were associated with Joseph's old employer, J Agostini. Craighill was 241 Ft and 709 tons, several times larger than the Evelina. Interestingly the Craighill was not a lot faster than the brigs. Where the brigs might make the trip in about 24 days, the Craighill could make in a couple days less.
With his new and bigger ship, he added Barbados as an occasional stop and started moving iron ore from Jamaica to Perth Amboy, NJ.
Joseph only stayed on the Craighill for less than a year. In April 1885 Joseph hopped on the White Star steamship Celtic and sailed for Liverpool, England. From there he made his way to Edinburgh, Scotland where he picked up his brand new steamship El Callao. From the New York Tribune, 3 June 1885:
Arrival of a South American Steamer
The first new steamer of the Ciudad de Bolivar Steamship Line, to run between this port and Bolivar, on the Orinoco River, arrived yesterday. She is named El Callao, is of 1,200 tons displacement, 220 feet long, 32 feet beam and 12 1/2 feet depth of hold. The vessel is built narrow and of light draft to navigate the Orinoco, and has accommodations for twenty cabin passengers.
The El Callao was slightly shorter than Craighill but significantly larger (1200 tons instead of 709). The Craighill changed her route to between New York and Progreso, Mexico (on the Yucatan Peninsula) and Joseph was back on the Ciudad Bolivar Route in a new boat designed just traveling up the Oronoco River.
At 6 1/2 years, this was the last and the longest permanent position for Joseph. In one of his trips Joseph stopped in Haiti where he witnessed both revolution and an earthquake. From the 4 April 1889 Philadelphia Inquirer:
Earthquakes and Violence
Steamships Which Arrived at New York Yesterday Reported New Woes for Hayti
Special to the Inquirer
New York, April, 3 - The trials and tribulations of the black republic of Hayti appear to have no termination. Every steamship which arrived from there for months has brought news of devastation, bloodshed and anarchy. To-day the steamship El Callao brought intelligence from Port de Paix that a terrible earthquake on March 26 had shaken up the Haytien rebels and loyalists alike.
Captain Scholtz said that while they were at Port de Paix eighty Haytian 'longshoremen were "shanghaied" by several of Hippolyte's officers and driven on board a schooner at the bayonet's point. The schooner was about to sail for Cape Haytien, at 10:45 o'clock on the morning of March 26, when a fearful rumbling sound was heard. Houses shook, the earth rocked visibility, throwing people to the ground and creating the utmost consternation. The schooner sailed for Cape Haytian and the El Callao for New York. No account of the damage done was obtained. The shanghaied sailors were sent to Cape Haytien to man the rebel war ships Carondelet and Mercedes.
When he steamship George W. Clyde, which arrived to-day from Cape Haytien, left that port on March 20, the United States steamship Galena was laying in town. The United States steamer Ossipee left Cape Haytien for Gonaives on March 26. All were well on both vessels.
The leader of that revolt, Florvil Hyppolite, became president later that year and remained president until his death in 1896.
After this El Callao was swapped with anther steamship, the Elgiva. Elgiva was slightly smaller and slightly newer. It's likely that El Callao was having work done.
The El Callao was almost lost in 1890, this time at no fault of Joseph. From the New York Herald, 17 November 1890:
Shipwrecks Barely Averted
After Various Mishaps the El Callao Finally Reaches New York
After spending nearly twelve hours on the rocks in Timlin's Narrows while on her way into Hamilton harbor, Bermuda, and narrowly escaping shipwreck on two other occasions, the British steamer El Callao reached New York in tow on the tug Adelaide Saturday. She came from Bolivar, Venezuela, with cargo of hides.
On the way to this port Captain Scholtz decided on November 4 to run into Hamilton for repairs to the engines, which had broken down. Pilot John Virgin took charge and while going through Timlin's Narrows the vessel was stranded on the rocks. She narrowly escaped the same accident while running through the Stag Channel. Captain Scholtz's knowledge of the channel alone prevented disaster on that occasion. The steam tug Britannia tried to tow her off, but was not successful until the high tide of November 5.
A diver examined the vessel's bottom and found it in good condition. After repairing the engines, the steamer left for New York on November 11, but at three o'clock Saturday morning, while 150 miles south of Sandy Hook, the coupling pin of her piston rod gave out and the vessel was again helpless. Fortunately, the Adelaide saw her signals and took her in tow.
Captain Scholtz reported Pilot Virgin to a police magistrate in Bermuda. He was fined £10 and his license as a pilot was revoked.
Finally, in the end of 1891 Joseph retired. After a 30+ year carrier and the young age of 52.
Carlos Alfredo Scholtz, born 4 August 1864, one of Johan and Obdulia’s older children, was the first in his family to come to New York. He arrived in May of 1877 at age 12 on the Emma Dean with his uncle Joseph as her captain[52]. This was the missing link that originally got me started on my search to find out how the Scholtz family and Scholtz & Co. Family traditions are almost always wrong but this one correct. Carlos’ obituary said he had lived in the United States since 1875 and his passport application said he arrived in 1877. That’s pretty close.
Carlos made occasional trips back to Venezuela to see his family but was a permanent resident of the United States from that time on. He lived with Joseph and Eliza for the first 25 years[†††]. Starting in 1884 at age 20 he starts showing up city directories of Montclair, NJ living with his uncle Joseph. For a couple years his younger brother Louis was also living with Joseph.
Figure 16 - Carlos Scholtz at age 30 in 1804, 5' 4", brown eyes and dark brown hair[53]
Carlos was originally working at a company at 29 South Street in Manhattan[54]. Carlos was naturalized in 1885 in Newark, NJ[55]. Then it seems he went back to Venezuela for a while because he is skipped a year in the city directories, returning on 30 June 1887. This trip may have been part of his new career because as of 1887 Carlos went into business with José Antonio Sanchez of Caracas forming Scholtz, Sanchez & Co.
Figure 17 - Scholtz, Sanchez & Co. ad from New York Herald Tribune 30 January 1897
While the company said they were "Export, Import and Commission Merchants" their primary business was importing coffee and hides[56]. These are the same commodities that filled most of Joseph's hold at the time the company was created. There trading partners were primarily in Venezuela but they also did business in Mexico, Haiti and other Caribbean countries.
We don't know how Carlos and José moved their goods when they first started but it would not be unreasonable that they used El Callao. But they did use other ships. In October 1890 they had cargo on the Spanish Steamship Vizcaya bound from New York to Havana and eventually La Guira. At 1,900 tons she was slightly larger than anything Joseph had captained. After dinner the first night while six miles off Barnegat, NJ at around 8:30 on a clear moon filled night she was struck about amidships by the four masted schooner Cornelius Hargraves. The schooner, 1322 tons, was headed from Philadelphia to Fall River, MA with a load of coal. Both ships sank within 7 minutes.[57]
Scholtz, Sanchez & Co. were just one of many companies with cargo on Vizcaya. This event is likely the one that is the basis story about Scholtz & Co. and the insurance company Chubb. According to the story, Chubb, which had been founded in 1882, wanted to get into maritime insurance. This shipment by Scholtz, Sanchez & Co. was the very first shipment they had ever insured and it was lost shortly after it left New York Harbor. In spite of this, Chub and the different forms of Scholtz and Co. continued to do business together for many, many years.
We find a little anecdote about Scholtz, Sanchez & Co. and what it’s like to do business in Venezuela from the 1895 book Facts About Pipe published by a pipe manufacturer[58]:
VENEZUELA.
There was an inquiry not long since for 12 miles of 24-inch pipe for the government. Through our friends Scholtz, Sanchez & Company, we bid on Converse Joint Pipe, and we referred to the rising mains by us at Guatemala and other South American jobs. We finally concluded to send a joint to the government, which we did. Now the report comes back that they don't want that kind of pipe at all; that it is the best pipe and joint that was ever submitted, and would practically last forever, which would not be prudent, because they want something that will play out every two or three years—hence the decision to use Belgium riveted pipe. The report from Venezuela is as follows:
New York, Oct. 10, 1S93.
E. C. Converse, Gen. Man. National Tube Works Co., New York.
Our bid on the 12 miles of 24-inch pipe has been rejected, and the reason for this is unique. Scholtz, Sanchez & Company have a letter from Venezuela, stating that our pipe and joint is the best they have ever seen ; that it would practically last forever, but that it was too good for their use there ; that they wanted something that would burst and wear out after a few years' service ; and that, therefore, they are going to replace the present worn-out riveted mains, which came from Belgium, with the same kind of pipe made in that country.
(Signed) National Tube Works Co.
To have our pipe rejected on such ground is the highest compliment which could possibly have been paid us, and it is worthy of mention. Every new set of officials have to make money, and one can readily understand why our pipe, fitted with the Converse Lock Joint, is not suitable for that sort of figuring.
Import/Export was not the only thing that the company was involved with. At that time Venezuela was undergoing significant political upheaval. Carlos and especially José were very politically minded. In 1892 a wealthy Venezuelan merchant named Francisco Gonzales consigned a shipment of arms allegedly intended for a rebel named Joaquín Crespo[‡‡‡] on a ship call South Portland. This is the same Joaquín Crespo and the same revolution that put Carlos’ father Johan in prison for a short time.
The shipment was to be sent from New York to Trinidad, just a few miles off the coast of Venezuela. The United States government prevented the shipment from leaving. The shipment included 1.4 million cartridges, 4,000 muskets, 90 rifles, 1 Gatling gun, 30 machetes and 10 swords[59]. In an attempt to get the government to release the shipment, Gonzales' lawyer, Louis C. Raegener, used Scholtz, Sanchez & Co. to make the deal look less shady[60]:
Mr. Raegener has been Mr. Gonzales' lawyer for several years and he advised his client that sending arms by the South Portland to Trinidad was regular.
According to Lawyer Raegener, Mr. Gonzales is the most important tobacconist in Venezuela.
"He supplies the country with cigarettes," said the lawyer yesterday, "and among the firms here with whom he deals is Scholtz & Sanchez, of No. 24 State street, as Minister Belet-Perraza calls him, I know he is a reputable and successful merchant."
"What led Mr. Gonzales to buy a shipment of arms and ammunition?" I asked the lawyer.
"Business enterprise, nothing else. I admit that Mr. Gonzales is a friend, I may say a partisan, of General Crespo. But these goods were not intended directly for the Crespists or any other insurgent faction."
"Why did he try to clear the cargo for Port of Spain, Trinidad? Because he has a branch house there as you say in the Herald this morning.
"It is his intention to have the South Portland to sail to Port of Spain and there unload" added the lawyer. "Then if General Crespo is willing to pay for the munitions of war owned by Gonzales they will be shipped to Caracas or some other Venezuelan port under a manifest issued by the British Government. If Crespo will not, or cannot pay for the arms Gonzales will dispose of them as best he can.
"The whole affair is a commercial speculation, and there is nothing whatever in the laws of the United States to justify the secretary in refusing the vessel to leave this port.
"It sounds well to talk of international courtesy but there is no government at this day in Venezuela. The country is in a condition approaching anarchy. Minister Perraza may be relieved of his authority at any moment."
The arms were delivered but may not have been needed because by that time Crespo was firmly in control of Venezuela.
We don't know if Carlos or José were directly involved in this, but family tradition said that José had at one point shipped arms to Venezuelan insurgents. The arms did eventually reach Crespo and by October he was in control of the country. We do know that Carlos or José supported Crespo. On 29 November 1892, shortly after Crespo took office, a group of Venezuelan individuals and businesses took out an ad in the New York Herald thanking the paper for their accurate coverage of the Revolution. Scholtz, Sanchez & Co. was on the list.
In 1896 José, Gen José Manuel Hernandez and four other prominent Venezuelan expats wanted to get all the prominent Venezuelan expats in New York to express their gratitude to President Cleveland for supporting Venezuela in a dispute with England.[§§§] Hernandez was a prominent Venezuelan who had been in and out of government for years. Ten years after this he would lead an attempted revolution to overthrow the government, an attempt that Carlos would support.
Among the signers of this thank you to Cleveland were Carlos and his little brother Henrique who had just arrived for his first visit to New York.[61]
One of the initial investors in Scholtz, Sanchez & Co. was Manuel Matos. Matos had become the Minister of Finance under Crespo's directly elected successor, Ignacio Andrade. He was later arrested by Cipriano Castro Ruiz who had overthrown Andrade for supporting Hernandez.[62]
Carlos and José were doing very well. By 1894 they were arranging for boats to carry their cargo rather than finding space on the next available boat.[****] These boats were barks, schooners and brigs the size of the ones Joseph had sailed when he was back in Bermuda.
But, around 1897 things started to go bad. Apparently the price of coffee started to drop and both Carlos and José became sick. In early 1898 the Spanish American War started disrupting shipping between North and South America. It is also possible that people thought that Carlos and José were Spanish like the enemy. The final straw was that the $50,000 investment by Manuel Matos was due. Matos was a former Minister of Finance in Venezuela.[63]
Eighteen days after the start of the Spanish American War the Company folded. From the New York Herald 13 May 1898:
SPANISH MERCHANTS HAVE FAILED.
Scholtz, Sanchez & Co., Exporters of Coffee, Hides and Wines, Assign to Joseph Kling.
PARTNERS SAID TO BE ILL.
Neither Member of Firm Has Been Seen at the Office Since the Breaking Out of Hostilities.
NOMINAL ASSETS $300,000.
Scholtz, Sanchez & Co., Spanish exporters and commission merchants at No. 24 State street, made an assignment yesterday to Joseph Kling, giving preferences aggregating $66,488, to the following creditors:—Ladenburg, Thalmann A Co., $18,979; John Munroe A Co., $14,251; Kessler & Co., $9,501; Muller. Schall & Co., $4,744; Demachy & F. Sillieres, Paris, $19,013.
The preferences are all for money advanced and drafts. The partners are Carlos A. Scholtz, who resides at No. 312 Manhattan avenue, and Jose A. Sanchez, living in Summit, N. J. Both partners have been ill for some time. They started in business here in 1887 and built up a large trade, principally with Venezuela, where Mr. Sanchez formerly resided. They dealt principally in coffee, tallow, wines and hides.
They claimed last fall a capital of $150,009. Manuel A. Matos, of Caracas, formerly Minister of Finance of Venezuela, became a special partner in 1890, with a capital of $50,000. They have been reported slow in payments for some time, as they have considerable outstandings in Venezuela, which country has suffered from the low prices of coffees and other products. They had credits in Europe on which they drew in case of need, and they made use of them for a year as remittances came in slowly.
Hartley G. Pelletier, attorney, said he could not state definitely how much the liabilities are, but the nominal assets are $300,000. One of the principal causes of assignment was the shrinkage in the price of coffees during the last year. The illness of the partners was another cause.
Neither member of the firm has been seen at the office since the actual breaking out of hostilities between the United States and Spain.
I called at the home of Mr. Scholtz last night, but he refused to be seen. Joseph Kling, to whom the assignment was made, lives at No 150 Madison street, Brooklyn. The house was closed last night, and neighbors said Mr. Kling had been absent from the city for several days. Ernst Thalmann, of Ladenburg, Thalmann & Co., said last night that he did not know the cause for the assignment of the firm.
From the New York Herald Tribune 14 May 1898:
LOCAL BUSINESS COMPLICATIONS.
Friends of Scholtz, Sanchez & Co., exporters and commission merchants at No. 24 State st., who made an assignment on Thursday, say that they are not a Spanish firm, but are Venezuelans. Their business was affected by the war, which, it was said, upset their arrangements for obtaining new special capital on July 1 next, when the special partnership with Manuel A. Matos expires. The firm had been very, successful up to a year ago, when the big slump occurred in Venezuela on account of the low price of coffees, etc.
The price of coffee dropped by over 60% from a high in the beginning of 1894 until 1898. The price didn't start going up again until between 1915 and 1920 when it went from around $7 to $20.
Figure 18 - Price of coffee from 1893-9[64]
It's not clear why Carlos and José stopped going to the office at outset of war. All I can think is that many people would mistake them as Spanish (just as several newspapers did). Newspapers at the time were listing many companies that were going out of business due to the war and this was just one of them.
It's also not clear what sickness Carlos and José had. José would spend the summers at his home in Lake Placid with his wife and children. The summer of 1898 was no exception. In the end of July Carlos also went up to Lake Placid. On 20 August José was dead[65]. There was no word in his obituary on what he had died from, only that he was 35 years old. We don't know if there was any relation to his illness.
For the ten years following the failure of Scholtz, Sanchez & Co. Carlos disappears from the business pages. He must have taken a job with another company. Although he doesn't show up in the 1900 census, we know he was still in New York because he kept showing up in the newspaper for Venezuelan politics. In 1899 two months after overthrowing the publicly elected government, Cipriano Castro Ruiz was fighting insurgents. Carlos was quoted as saying that the insurgent leader should be shot[66].
In 1903 Carlos and several other prominent Venezuelans greeted José Manuel Hernandez. Hernandez led an unsuccessfully attempted to overthrow Castro and spent several years in prison until he offered his services in troubles against England and Germany. Hernandez had fought for and against the government in over a dozen rebellions in 30 years. In one he lost the use of his right hand earning him the nickname "El Mocho"[67]. From the New York Herald 21 July 1903:
General José Manuel Hernandez ("El Mocho"), for years Venezuela's foremost political and military character, who has been appointed Minister Plenipotentiary at Washington, arrived in this city yesterday on the steamer Caracas. A party of his countrymen, acting as a committee of the local colony, went down the Bay on a revenue cutter, the use of which had been granted by Collector Stranahan, to greet General Hernandez. In the party was the latter's eldest son Nicholas. The others were Augusto F. Pulido, Venezuelan Chargé d' Affaires at Washington; Consul General Rincones, Carlos A. Scholtz, Eduardo Meyer and Henry T. Cadenas. They gave the battle scared veteran an enthusiastic welcome.
It’s interesting that Carlos is welcoming Hernandez at the same time his father Johan is living in exile in Curaçao. That leads me to believe that Carlos’ frequent support for the government in power may have more to do with business realities than political leaning.
Carlos’ younger brother Alfredo was one of 7 passengers on the same boat.[68]
In Joseph's retirement, he may not have gotten completely away from the sea. In 1895 a schooner named Sainte Marie arrived in St. John, New Brunswick from Bermuda with a captain named Scholtz[69].
A month later he made the Montclair society pages in the New
York Times in two consecutive weeks for being in Bermuda. He arrived back in
New York on 9 December[70].
Around the turn of the century Joseph and his wife Eliza moved back to Bermuda. To keep himself busy Joseph bought out a jewelry store. In addition to jewelry he sold and rented pianos. Selling imported goods on a small island was, until then, the one aspect of his grandfather Joseph Möller’s career had been missing.
Joseph died 10 years later at age 71 on 21 February 1911 at his home in Hamilton Bermuda leaving his wife of 43 years Eliza[71]. Joseph had lived in Bermuda twice in his life, between the 1860s and 1876 and again from 1900 to 1911. During one of those times he had developed a love for and become accomplished in the sport of cricket. This accomplishment was so great that his death warranted an obituary in the 1912 Wisden Almanac for cricket. As far as I can tell, he was the first person from Bermuda to make the almanac:
CAPT. JOSEPH SCHOLTZ died suddenly at Hamilton, Bermuda, on February 21st, aged 71. He was born at Curaçao, and was one of the oldest members of the Hamilton C.C.
I think of Joseph as the lost relative. He played such an important part in bringing the family from Venezuela to New York and the creation of Schotlz & Co. and yet no one remembers him. When I first started doing family research Henry Scholtz, Joseph's great nephew only remembered that his uncle Carlos had lived with relatives in New York when Carlos was a child. Roger Muller, who is Joseph's second great nephew said that his mother used to tell him of a schooner called Scholtz that would sail into Willemstad's harbor on Curaçao. I'm happy his amazing life is no longer forgotten.
Figure 20 - José Henrique Scholtz circa 1900, 5' 11", brown eyes and dark brown[72]
José Henrique Scholtz, Carlos' younger brother, born 2 May 1873, had a head for business just like Carlos.[††††]
As a child while visiting his father in La Guira he went to the docks and got a rowboat. He rowed out the ships coming in and traded with the captains. He was doing so well that one of his sisters decided to invest in his operation. She bought another rowboat and hired someone to row it.
As an adult, at one point he started to import Steinway pianos. If this was during the time of Scholtz and Sanchez, he likely imported them though his brother. The pianos became a status symbol in Caracas and he did very well until he saturated the market. He got out of that business.
At one point he had a plantation (possibly coffee) outside of Caracas. Again there are ties to his brother. One of Scholtz and Sanchez’ primary businesses was importing coffee from Venezuela to New York.
One day the foreman came into town for a regular meeting. He said that he was having trouble with one of the workers. Henrique told him that he did not want to hear about it and that he, the foreman, was paid to solve the problems himself. The next time the foreman was in town Henrique asked how he solved the problem with the worker. The foreman said he shot the worker. At that point Henrique decided to sell the plantation.
Henrique was one of the last in his family to visit New York. His first trip was a short visit in 1895 at age 23 traveling with his brother Carlos[73]. This may have been on business or it may have just been to visit his brother and uncle. During that time, he attended a meeting with his brother to sign a thank you letter to President Cleveland for supporting Venezuela in a boundary dispute with the United Kingdom[74]
On 14 April 1900, Henrique married Joanna Catharina van Daalen of Curaçao in Curaçao[75]. The two lived in Caracas and almost immediately started to have a family.
Henrique and his family traveled back and forth between New York and Venezuela[76]. Arthur (the only one child born out of Venezuela) was born in Brooklyn on one of those trips. On his birth certificate his parent’s residence was listed as Caracas.
In December of 1908 a new dictator, Juan Vicente Gómez, sized power
from his predecessor while his predecessor was in Europe for medical treatment.[‡‡‡‡]
The people were hopeful things would improve. Henrique and his friend, Lorenzo
Marturet, went to the palace where a crowd of people were calling for the new
leader to come out and speak. The leader came out on the balcony and said
"Let the people be quiet." The leader then returned to his room.
Henrique turned to his friend and said that it was time to move out of the
country and move to New York. His friend said that he would go only if New York
had a good opera.
Gómez took office in December of 1908. On 3 May 1909 Henrique, Catharina and their five children arrived in New York for their new life. Lorenzo Marturet didn't actually move his family until 1911[77]. Within a few years Marturet and family had moved back to Venezuela.
Henrique and Catharina (born Curaçao, 17 January 1881) had five children:
1. Gertruida Scholtz, b. 03 Mar 1901, Caracas, Venezuela, d. 31 Dec 1992, New Jersey
2. Jose Henrique Scholtz, Jr., b. 04 Oct 1902, Caracas, Venezuela, d. 26 Jun 1997, Essex, Connecticut
3. Aleonor Agusta Scholtz, b. 16 Mar 1905, Caracas, Venezuela, d. 24 Oct 1994, Neptune, New Jersey
4. Arthur Edward Scholtz, b. 13 Oct 1906, 514 8th Av, Brooklyn, Kings Co., NY , d. Nov 1989, California
5. Obdulia Margareta Scholtz, b. 16 Jan 1909, Caracas, Venezuela, d. 07 Jul 1993, New Jersey
The company Scholtz & Marturet was actually created prior to Henrique's arrival in 1909 and Lorenzo Marturet's arrival in 1911. The company was started in Caracas rather than New York.
The company was started by Henrique Scholtz and Lorenzo Marturet and possibly also by Carlos sometime before the end of 1902. The first mention of Scholtz & Marturet is in the 1902 edition of the Belgian Consular Collection listing them as a Venezuelan company in Caracas importing office supplies.[78]
The second mention of Scholtz & Marturet was in a letter the by the combined Chambers of Commerce from Caracas and Maracaibo on 30 December 1903.[79] The letter was a complaint to the government about the French Telegraph Cable Company (La Compania Francesa de Cables Telegraficos). The complaint was that service was so bad that doing international business was severely hampered.
The way things have been operating for some time by the French Telegraph Cable Company causes considerable damage to our trade with the delay in telegraphic communications, damage that not only directly hurts our own interests, but also affect the general interests of country because most of the time we are left to make important negotiations for export without timely knowledge of the prices quoted in the markets in Europe and the United States, our main export partners. Such has lately happened, Citizen Minister, with coffee whose price rise we have not been able to take advantage satisfactorily due to the considerable delay in the telegraphic communications.
The letter was signed by about 30 companies including Scholtz & Marturet. I don’t know what the problem was, but I do know that a few months before this the final battle of La Revolución Libertadora was fought with the government winning. The French Telegraph Cable Company was one of three major international companies funding the rebels[80] (see “Matos and La Revolución Libertadora” in Appendix 3).
With Scholtz & Marturet, we have Carlos and Henrique partners in the same company for the first time.
During the Caracas years Henrique visited New York several times. Henrique came with his family in 1903 and by himself in 1904. In May of 1906 he brought his family again. At some point he left them for the Netherlands returning in August. They were still in New York in October when Arthur was born.
In 1909 he came by himself in January and then in May returned with his family, this time for good.
As far as I can tell Lorenzo's first trip to New York was in 1905 and again in 1907[81].
Carlos seems to have stayed in New York because he was there to greet “El Mocho” visited in 1903. He doesn’t show up on any city directories in the first decade of the 20th century but also does not show up on a passenger list.
While still in Caracas I know that Scholtz & Marturet was involved in moving India Rubber to the US from at least Brazil, Panama and Mexico.[§§§§]
The first couple years Scholtz & Martuet had an office New York
at 82 Beaver Street Room 502. This is the brand new Beaver Street Building,
built on the corner where Beaver and Pearl meet Wall Street. At the time most
of the building was used by Munson Steamship Company so that seems to have been
a good place for them. By 1912 Scholtz & Marturet had moved across Wall
Street to 82 Wall Street, Room 811.[82]
They stayed at 82 Wall Street for many years. From 1939 to 1972 the Beaver
Street building housed the Cocoa Exchange. Today it’s a condominium complex
called interestingly enough “The Cocoa Exchange”.
With Scholtz & Marturet in New York they seemed to narrow their focus to trade between Venezuela and New York and broaden their focus to many other markets. See their entry in the “American Exporter” for 1912 below.
Figure 23 - Scholtz & Marturet entry in American Exporter's Export Trade Directory 1912
In addition to coffee and hides that Scholtz & Sanchez specialized in, Scholtz & Marturet added cocoa, rubber and chicle (a natural gum used in chewing gum). Cocoa was one of the few things that Scholtz & Marturet had in common with Johan’s J. C. Scholtz & Co. According to a website[83] Scholtz & Marturet also exported Colt Firearms.
By 1916 Lorenzo Marturet was gone and the company name changed to Scholtz & Co. but business seems to be essentially the same.
Figure 24 - Scholtz & Co. entry in American Exporter's Export Trade Directory 1916-7
This version of Scholtz & Co. was in business from 1916 until 1980 when the company was sold to Cargill. By 1916 Scholtz & Co. had expanded their market to include Colombia and listed specific exports. The Established 1907 date is probably when Scholtz & Marturet was registered in the US. Scholtz & Marturet was in Caracas at least five years earlier and Scholtz & Co. didn’t exist until around 1916.
Scholtz & Co. was part of an important constitutional Supreme Court decision on the government’s right to levy taxes on exported goods. The basis for the lawsuit was the US Constitution, Article 1, Section 9, “No Tax or Duty shall be laid on Articles exported from any State”.
During World War I the federal government imposed a sales tax. In December of 1918 the Venezuelan company Delgado & Co. wanted to purchase baseball bats and baseballs from the Spalding. The deal worked out was that Scholtz & Co. would purchase the bats and ball, ship them the Venezuela where Delgado would purchase them. 90 days after delivery Scholtz & Co. would receive their commission from Delgado. Scholtz & Co. gave Spalding very specific steps to follow to prepare the shipment for international transport:
Export order from Scholtz & Co., Shipping and Commission Merchants. * * * Please ship on or before the _____ per steamer _____. Rush. * * * Errors in weight often entail heavy fines in Foreign Customs Houses, therefore be careful when weighing and marking Goods, as we shall hold you responsible for any fines caused through your errors. Cases or crates must be made to fit Goods as duty is paid by Gross weight. Shipping mark and number to be put on packages. As above, with statement of the goods wanted. Please send Memo. Invoice at once so we can apply for license and clear at Custom House.
Since, in the first transaction the bats and balls were purchased by Scholtz & Co. in New York the Internal Revenue Service said that Spalding must pay sales tax. Spalding argued that the only intent from start to finish was for export (per above instructions from Scholtz & Co.) the tax was not appropriate.
In a decision given on 13 September 1922 the New York State Supreme Court agreed with the IRS.[85]
The case was argued in front of the United States Supreme Court on 11 and 12 April 1923. On 23 April Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. issued the majority opinion overturning the lower court ruling and agreeing with Spalding that since the intent of the transaction from start to finish was for export from the State of New York the sales tax cannot be levied.
Figure 25 - Scholtz & Co. entry in American Exporter's Export Trade Directory 1919-20
By the end of World War I Scholtz & Co. markets had expanded to Europe. The three European countries listed are the three Scandinavian countries that Carlos and Henrique father Johan had been Consul for 20+ years earlier. They may have known some of their father’s connections.
According to the 1919 “Export Register of Leading Export Houses” Scholtz & Co. was doing over $100,000 in business and had the highest credit rating.
Shortly after this, and probably around the early 1920s, the company started to specialize. Carlos took on one of his father’s businesses, Cocoa. Henrique continued with the business he had learned back in Venezuela, coffee.
Carlos continued to handle the cocoa until his retirement XXXXXX
Around 1900 Carlos married Homeretta Reopath. Homeretta was born in Pennsylvania. Carlos was around 35 years old and Homeretta around 25. They had a long marriage. Homeretta survived Carlos by years. While they had no children of their own, like Carlos’ uncle Joseph and aunt Eliza, Carlos and Homeretta helped raise a niece and nephew.
XXXXXXX
Alfredo living in Havana around 1913 (Passenger lists)
XXXXXXX
I had always been proud of the fact that all my family sided with the North during the Civil War so it was a real shock when I realized that many of my Caribbean ancestors had owned slaves.
When the Europeans first arrived in the Caribbean they enslaved all the natives who hadn’t died of disease. By the early 16th century their numbers were not enough to meet the needs of European companies. That's when the African slave trade started. It was originally controlled by the Portuguese but by the end of the 16th century the Dutch and their West India Company (WIC) became a major trafficker of African slaves enslaving hundreds of thousands of Africans prior to the ban on the slave trade[86].
Figure 26 - Image showing the placement of slaves on a slave ship as shown as evidence in the British House of Commons, 1790/1 (From Wikipedia)
Curaçao became a hub for the Dutch slave trade. For many years the slave trade was Curaçao's primary industry. After being shipped from Africa those who survived the trip were housed in camps on the island so they could recover from the voyage. Then they were sold all over the Caribbean, mostly to Spanish and Dutch colonies. By the beginning of the 19th century Europeans were losing their taste for slavery and one by one each country started outlawing the slave trade (not slavery). In 1814 the Dutch outlawed the slave trade. Slavery was still legal in Curaçao until 1863.
All I know of my ancestors and their ownership of slaves comes from the freeing of those slaves. I know nothing of the purchase, birth, death or life of their slaves.
Manumission refers to the freeing of a slave. From Wikipedia:
The motivations of slave owners in manumitting slaves were complex and varied. Firstly, manumission may present itself as a sentimental and benevolent gesture. One typical scenario was the freeing in the master's will of a devoted servant after long years of service. This kind of manumission generally was restricted to slaves who had some degree of intimacy with their masters, such as those serving as personal attendants, household servants, secretaries and the like. In some cases, master and slave had had a long-term sexual relationship. Owners sometimes freed the woman and children born of such relationships. While a trusted bailiff might be manumitted as a gesture of gratitude, for those working as agricultural labourers or in workshops, there was little likelihood of being so noticed.
Such feelings of benevolence may have been of value to slave owners themselves as it allowed them to focus on a 'humane component' in the human traffic of slavery. In general, it was more common for older slaves to be given freedom, once they had reached the age where they were beginning to be less useful. ...
Freeing slaves could serve the pragmatic interests of the owner. The prospect of manumission worked as an incentive for slaves to be industrious and compliant.
In Curaçao when a slave was freed it was written up in the newspaper, letting everyone know that person is no longer a slave.
Figure 27 - 23 July 1853 De Curaçaosche Courant (newspaper) "COLONIAL SECRETARY - Proposal for Manumission. - TAKING THIRD. - In 1853. - No. 22. July 16. of the slave girl Causilia Bertilla, 2 years old, daughter of Susanna Wenselau, belonging to F. A. Scholtz. - The Colonial Secretary, - J. Schotborgh Hz."
Below is a table with the names and ages of those freed by my ancestors. It is heartbreaking to see names and ages of those who had been enslaved.
|
Date |
Slave |
Master |
|
1760-07-30 |
Negress Dorothea Kock by Pieter Jansz for 250 pesos by Mary Klingenburg widow of Jan Kock |
Michiel van der Meulen and Jan Koster Pietersz |
|
1769-11-28 |
Negress Juanotta for faithful service. |
Cornelis de Mey married to Helena Eva Rijnink, Herman Winkler married to Jannetje Rijnink, from their mother Jannetta Catherine Daal widow of Klaas Rijnink |
|
1774-06-06 |
Margaritha Angelies for 100 pesos paid by Joseph Angelies |
merchant Michiel van der Meulen |
|
1782-01-09 |
Negress Anna Servina with her daughter Negro girl Sophia Clara for 500 pesos |
Michiel van der Meulen |
|
1787-05-08 |
Adriaan son of his slave Petrona for 150 pesos, paid for by his mother |
Herman Winkler |
|
1787-10-26 |
mestieze girl Mary Magdalene daughter of his mulatto Dominga Francisca for 200 pesos paid by Johan Hendrik Brill |
Jan Hendrik Raven |
|
1824-05-03 |
Catrijn |
Maria Elisabeth Margaritha de Jonge widow of Johan Christoph Scholtsz |
|
1849-12-31 |
maid Margriet (Margaret Rob), 23 years, daugter of Helena |
estate of Cornelia Helena Bor |
|
1853-07-16 |
Causilia Bertilla, 2 years old, daughter of Susanna Wenselau |
F. A. Scholtz |
|
1856-08-14 |
Klynties, 21 years old, daughter of Adlle, with her children Nicotina Martina, 4 years old and Gysberlha Lucia, 1 year old |
Henena Jeannette Catharina van Daalen |
|
1856-10-23 |
maid Fransina (Fransina Statiana), 49, daughter of Oleana |
H. A. Statius Muller |
Figure 28 - Slaves freed by my ancestors through Manumission[87]
Slavery finally ended in the Dutch West Indies on 1 July 1863, six months to the day after Abraham Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation. As a final insult to those being freed the owners were compensated for their loss. They were compensated up to 200 guilders per slave.
|
Last Name |
First Name |
Docket Number |
Number of slaves |
Compensation |
|
Daalen, van |
J.H.A. |
353 |
1 |
200 |
|
Muller |
A.L.S. |
400 |
48 |
9600 |
|
Muller |
H.A. Statius |
224 |
5 |
1000 |
|
Scholtz |
Frederik Anton |
598 |
8 |
1600 |
Figure 29 - Number of slaves freed by my ancestors at Emancipation and compensation my ancestors received[88]
Apparently even when the slaves were emancipated there was a need to identify themselves. Below is the identification of one of the five slaves of Hendrik August Statius Muller who was freed as part of the emancipation. His name is Alexander and he was born on the 24th of August 1855. So on the day of his freedom he was almost 8 years old.
Figure 30 - Freedom certificate of Alexander, born 24 August 1855, former slave of Hendrik August Statius Muller
|
Position |
|
Posting |
Ship |
Rig |
Tons |
Length |
Built |
Where Built |
Registered |
Owner |
|
? |
|
? |
Bravo |
Schnr |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1st Mate |
|
? |
Harvest Queen |
Brig |
144 |
84 |
1860 |
Bermuda |
St George |
N. McCallon |
|
Captain |
|
~ 2y |
Harkaway |
Schnr |
90 |
67 |
1855 |
P. E. Island |
Bermuda |
N. C. McCallum |
|
Captain |
|
? |
Minerva |
Schnr |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Captain |
|
3 yrs |
Harvest Queen |
Brig |
144 |
84 |
1860 |
Bermuda |
St George |
N. McCallon |
|
Captain |
|
~ 1y |
Aruba |
Brig |
127 |
85 |
1865 |
Veendam |
Bermuda |
McCallen |
|
Captain |
|
~ 2y |
Mary |
Schnr |
53 |
70 |
1855 |
Essex, MA |
Liverpool |
Joseph Scholtz |
|
Captain |
|
|
Mary |
Schnr |
65 |
|
1865 |
Nova Scotia |
Curaçao - Hol |
Joseph Scholtz |
|
Captain |
|
~ 2y |
F A Scholtz |
Schnr |
120 |
|
1874 |
Liverpool, NS |
Liverpool |
J. D. McLarren |
|
Captain |
|
~ 1y |
Edwin Rowe |
Brig |
230 |
109 |
1864 |
New Haven |
New York |
J. Agostini |
|
Captain |
|
~ 1y |
Emma Dean |
Brig |
270 |
118 |
1860 |
Greenpoint L. I. |
Venezuela |
J. Agostini |
|
Captain |
|
2.5 yrs |
Edwin Rowe |
Brig |
231 |
110 |
1864 |
Fair Haven Ct |
New York |
J. Agostini & O |
|
Captain |
|
2 yrs |
Evelina |
Brig |
278 |
117 |
1881 |
Jordan Riv NS |
Shelburne |
R. W. Freeman |
|
Captain |
|
1/2 yr |
Craighill |
Stmr |
709 |
241 |
1882 |
Grange |
Glasgow |
Walker, Donald & Co |
|
Captain |
|
6.5 yr |
El Callao |
Stmr |
642 |
210 |
1885 |
Leith |
Glasgow |
Walker, Donald & Co |
|
Captain |
|
|
Elgiva |
Stmr |
429 |
180 |
1886 |
Belfast |
|
Macgregor |
Figure 31 - Joseph Scholtz - Ships he served on
Figure 32 - Joseph Scholtz - Ports of Call
Figure 33 - Joseph Scholtz - Ports of Call - Atlantic
Figure 34 - Joseph Scholtz - Ports of Call - Carribean
Figure 35 - Joseph Scholtz - Ports of Call - Legend
|
|
19 March 1890 |
|||
|
(1846–1900) |
|
|||
|
|
17 June 1892 |
|||
|
(1823–1907) |
|
|||
|
|
31 August 1892 |
|||
|
(1854–1949) |
|
|||
|
|
7 October 1892 |
Military |
||
|
(1841–1898) |
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
28 February 1898 |
|||
|
(1839–1925) |
|
|||
|
|
20 October 1899 |
Military |
||
|
(1858–1924) |
|
|||
|
|
19-Dec-08 |
Military |
||
|
(1857–1935) |
|
Figure 36 - Presidents of Venezuela (from Wikipedia)
In this section I’ll be touching on Venezuelan politics and how they impacted Johan, Carlos and Henrique. I’ve highlighted their names each time they were involved with one of the events of this period and added references to earlier sections in this text when there is more information.
The Revolución
LegalistaBetween 1870 and 1980 Venezuela saw 20 years of reasonable political stability. With the exception of 2 years of the Independent Party, the Liberal Party was in control. On 14 March 1890 Raimundo Andueza Palacio came to power (also from the Liberal Party). Andueza wanted amend the Constitution to extend his 2-year term by another 2 years. At this point Joaquín Crespo, former President (1884-6) and member of the Military and the Liberal Party, started what became known as the Revolución Legalista or Legalist Revolution. Crespo took up arms on 11 March 1892 and marched into Caracas on 6 October that year.
In the end of September Scholtz & Sanchez may have been involved in a plot to supply arms to Crespo. A wealthy business man from Venezuela, Francisco Gonzales consigned a shipment of arms allegedly intended for a rebel named Joaquín Crespo on a ship call South Portland. The South Portland a former blockade runner that had been renamed. US law said you can’t ship arms to rebels but you can sell them to whom you want so Gonzales said he was taking them to Trinidad to sell them to the highest bidder. The fact that he was using a former blockade runner led people to believe they were to go directly to Crespo. In an effort to make Gonzales look reputable his lawyer said that Gonzales regularly does business with Scholtz & Sanchez.
It’s not clear that Scholtz & Sanchez was involved but after Crespo took power a group of Venezuelan businesses in New York took out an ad joining with Crespo to thank the New York Herald for its excellent reporting during the crisis. One of the businesses was Scholtz & Sanchez.
Also in the end of September when Crespo controlled most of the country, one of the Generals for the Government, Luciano Mendoza, sized power.[89] Looting became repent and to raise money to pay his troops he tried to extract huge sums of money (between $25,000 and $150,000) from former members of government and some of the wealthiest people in the country. Mendoza’s lieutenant in La Guaira rounded up 85 businessmen and consuls including Johan and tried to extract between $500 and $2,000 out of each of them (see section A Little Bit of Trouble in La Guaira).
Crespo’s rule didn’t go smoothly. A prior dispute with England over the border between Venezuela and British Guiana (now Guyana) came to a head in what became known as the Venezuelan Crisis of 1895.[90] Venezuela’s claims went back to boundaries of the Spanish Empire that it inherited with the Independence. British claims were from Dutch Empire boundaries that it inherited when they purchased the territories from the Dutch. In 1893 the Venezuelan government hired former ambassador to Venezuela from the United States William Scruggs. Scruggs lobbied the US government saying that the British “aggressions” were violating the Monroe Doctrine. Grover Cleveland accepted the argument and gave a speech to Congress on 17 December 1895 affirming the Monroe Doctrine and it applicability to this situation. The US intervened on behalf of Venezuela forcing the British to accept arbitration. This was an important point for the US because British acquiescence to the US meant a default acceptance of the validity of the Monroe Doctrine.
In early January of 1896 a commission of Venezuelans got together New York to first thank the Cleveland for helping out and second come up with a plan of action. That commission included Carlos and Henrique who had just arrive in New York on his first visit.
Things didn’t go well for Venezuela. When the Arbitration was finished in Paris in 1899, the British ended up with 90% of the disputed territory.
Crespo stepped down from the Presidency on 28 February 1898 while retaining control of the military. His handpicked successor Ignacio Andrade won a questionable election. Andrade defeated Jose Manuel Hernandez also known as “El Mocho” (the name referred to the loss of use of one of his hands from a war injury). “El Mocho”, who had aided Crespo in the Revolución Legalista, immediately took up arms in what was known as Revolución de Queipa but was quickly defeated and taken into custody.[91] However, Crespo was killed in one of the battles. With Crespo’s death Andrade lost his perceived legitimacy.[92]
During
the Crespo Regime, Cipriano Castro had lived in exile in Columbia. Castro
raised money and an army through illegal cattle trade (some say rustling). With
the weakened Andrade, Castro led what was called the Revolución Liberal
Restauradora and also called the Invasion of 60 because it was started by 60
exiles led by Castro crossing the border from Columbia. The further they got
the more support they had. On 23 October 1899 Castro marched into Caracas and
assumed power.[93]
“El Mocho” was released from prison.
Three weeks after Castro took power there were still some holdouts. Finally, on 13 November General Antonio Padres who had held the city of Puerto Cabello in favor of Andrade surrendered. Several prominent Venezuelans from New York sent a congratulatory telegram to Castro, probably including Carlos. But there was some concern due to several hundred people losing their lives. From the New York Herald:[94]
Seňor Carlos A. Scholtz, a prominent Venezuelan, also placed blame on General Padres, and said that if the latter is captured he will likely be court-martialed and shot.
“El Mocho” and Castro didn’t get along for very long. He had been given the position of Minister of Public Works but soon took up arms against Castro and was put back in prison.[95] Manuel Matos who had been an investor in Scholtz & Sanchez (it was the lack of ability to pay him back that had caused Scholtz & Sanchez to fold), was also arrested because he had attempted to arm “El Mocho”. Matos had been Minister of Finance under Andrade.[96] According to the New York Times, “Seňor Mattos was at one time a member of the firm of Scholtz, Sanchez & Co. of this city.”
Matos didn’t
stay in prison long because during the first months of 1902 he was smuggling
munitions into Venezuela. Matos was the richest man in Venezuela. He was the
head of many prominent banks in Venezuela and had been the Minister of Finance
under both Crespo and Andrade.
He amassed a large
army that included Luciano Mendoza, the same General who had imprisoned Johan back in 1892. The revolution ended with
a battle in La Victoria, about 30 miles west of Caracas. It was at the largest
group of forces ever to do battle in Venezuela. Matos had 16,000 men to
Castro’s 6,000, however, Castro’s men were better armed. The battle lasted
most of the month of November. Matos was finally defeated and was forced to
retreat to Curaçao.
In early 1902 there was a dispute between Castro and the Dutch prompting the Dutch to send two warships to evacuate the Jews from Coro and take them to Curaçao. Prior to the arrival of the Dutch ships the Venezuelan Navy had repeatedly inspected Dutch and Antillean merchant ships. This stopped with the arrival of the Dutch Navy.[98]
With yet more revolutions there was more looting and again the foreigners and foreign businesses were hit hard just like they were back in 1892. Many governments in Europe had levied grievances against the Venezuelan government. Some had been in the process of being paid when Castro cancelled all foreign debts of that kind. With Castro ignoring new grievances and not paying the old ones Europe was getting impatient. After Matos’ attempted overthrow of Castro Europe felt more of a need to act. Figuring all they could do was invade, Castro took comfort in an expected American protection with the Monroe Doctrine. Teddy Roosevelt didn’t see it that way. He said the Monroe Doctrine does not protect Latin American Countries from miss-behaving. He approved a British and German plan to set up a blockade as long as no territory was taken.
The plan was for a complete blockade (material as opposed to a pacific blockade were neutral powers can pass). On 11 December 1902 the blockade started and the Italians joined in with the British and Germans. On 13 February 1903 an agreement was reached in Washington where Britain, Germany and Italy would share in 30% of Venezuela’s customs incomes from its two largest ports, La Guaira and Puerto Cabello.
The blockading powers were concerned that the 30% would be shared among all 10 countries with grievances against Venezuela. All 10 countries went to the Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague where it was decided that the blockading countries would have precedent.
This concerned Roosevelt who was worried this would encourage European countries to invade whenever there was a grievance. Because of this Roosevelt came up with the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine. From Wikipedia:
The Corollary asserted a right of the United States to intervene to "stabilize" the economic affairs of small states in the Caribbean and Central America if they were unable to pay their international debts, in order to preclude European intervention to do so.
The few remaining revolutionaries from La Revolución Libertadora that had not fled or been captured felt emboldened by the crisis. Their stronghold was Ciudad Bolivar on the Orinoco River where Joseph had made visited many, many times moving coffee and hides to New York. The rebels were led by Nicolás Rolando Monteverde and in March 1903 Castro sent a force up the Oronoco River to end the rebellion once and for. After months of preparation the battle started the morning of 19 July.[100] By the 21st the battle was over[101] and Venezuela had exited the period of revolution. The period of turmoil had not ended, there would still be many coups but the civil wars were over. After about 15 armed rebellions between 1835 and 1903 (some successful and some failed) there would be no more civil wars.[102]
Just before the battle at Ciudad Boliver Johan did something that upset Castro. On 2 June 1903 Castro issued a decree expelling Johan from Venezuela. Johan fled to his birth home Curaçao. Two months later Johan asked to come back and his request was granted.[103] (For more see More Trouble for Johan in Johan Cristafel Scholtz and Family).
Following the crisis “El Mocho” and Castro seemed to have kissed and
made up. In July 1903 Castro appointed “El Mocho” Minister to Washington. He
was the first minister since Castro had taken power four years earlier. From
the New York Times:[104]
It is not many months ago that he was liberated from prison by President Castro, after being confined over three years for starting a revolt. He was released during the trouble with European powers, when he offered his services in defense of the country. Since then he has risen, until his power is second only to that of President Castor. As leader of the Liberal Nationalist Party, he recently had of his partisans appointed to Cabinet positons and other high offices.
With almost constant problems Castro obviously realized he needed a powerful ally.
“El Mocho” arrived in New York on 20 July and Carlos was part of a Venezuelan delegation sent to meet him. Carlos and “El Mocho” almost definitely knew each other as they were both part of the Caracas branch of the Freemasons.[105] In 1894 both Carlos and Henrique were members of the Caracas chapter. “El Mocho” was the Vice President of the chapter and author of the yearbook. Crespo was an honorary member. Carlos was listed as a merchant and a resident of Caracas. He was probably spending some time there though he was truly living in New Jersey and working in New York.
Carlos’ younger brother Alfredo was one of 7 passengers on the same boat “El Mocho”.[106]
Interestingly enough, when Carlos met with “El Mocho’ at the dock his father Carlos was still on self-imposed exile in Curaçao due to disagreements with the Castro government.
The alliance with Castro didn’t last long. “El Mocho” resigned in 1904 after disagreements with Castro.[107]
Castro’s tenure was full of turmoil. It continued with the Dutch–Venezuelan
crisis of 1908. Castro accused Curaçao of harboring refugees and expelled the
Dutch ambassador. In response the Dutch sent three warships and set up a
blockade of Venezuela. Unlike the material blockade of the British and Germans
in 1902-3 this was a pacific blockade, only stopping ships flying the
Venezuelan flag were stopped. In mid-December 1908, few days after the
blockade started, Castro, who had been ill for 4 years with kidney problems,
left for Paris to get treatment for syphilis.[108]
On 19
December 1908 with the country in turmoil and Castro on his way to Europe, Juan
Vincente Gómez, Vice President and head of the military, sized power and
immediately settled with the Dutch ending the crisis. Gómez had been by
Castro’s side ever since they left Columbia to fight the revolution. And Gómez
led the army for most of fighting of uprisings during Castro’s presidency.
This is when Henrique and his friend Lorenzo Marturet went to the presidential palace to hear from Gómez in hopes that things would get better. (see the section “A New Leader” in Johan Cristafel Scholtz and Family)
What Henrique didn’t know at the time is that the turmoil that had been going on in Venezuela almost all his life was over. With Castro out Venezuela was entering a relatively calm period. Even though Gómez had led the government forces in the victory over Matos’ rebels Gómez brought Matos back as Minister of Finance.
Figure 43 - Fred Virtue
CIRCA 1920
To the Editor of The Colonist
Dear Sir — As you have asked me to give you some idea of the knocking about in my boyhood days and the things I saw Then I will do my best but of course I can't give days and dates — Anyway as a boy I had no use for the shores of this dear little Island home of mine.
As I was quite young only about 11 years and not much taller than the pin rail, I was just dicing to get to sea. I tried many times to ship on some of the blockade runners as cabin boy.
The same answers I always had to swallow — My boy you are too young for our use. I was looking all the time for a ship. And it was in May, 1864 when the Schooner Harkaway was reported to be fitting out for Cuba (and) wanted three men and a boy before the Mast. Thinks I to myself, if Mother will only let me go. This was another trouble. How can I get Mother to say yes — for I had no excuse to make as I always had enough to eat never short of clothing — money was plentiful at that time and a boy 11 or 12 years old if he could not make Thirty or Forty shillings a week he was too slow. I'll tell you one little job I used to like, ringing the Auction Bell for Mr. Thomas T— . Once or twice a week I'd get the Bell 2/- for one house and ring it I did all round the Town. I always had a chum to help me out. Of course I'd go in the midst of the men on shore from the Blockade runners and ring with all my mite. Some of these chaps would begin to abuse us and want to take the Bell. After they saw it was business in it some of the chaps were sure to give you 2/- and 4/- each to go up the other street and ring the Bell as much as you wanted. It was the same thing on the next street. The men was sure to throw half dollars at you. My chum and I used to relieve one another on the comon, so as not let the game get stale.
Of course you want to know how I got on with Mother and the Schooner Harkaway. Well I arrived home. Mother was in a hurry for a massage (message) from the town. I thought now is my chance. When she told me what she wanted I said Mother can I go in the Harkaway to Cuba. Alright My Boy make haste come back. Now Mother never thought what she was saying and I knew it. Oh I was quick, made haste too, slammed the parcel down and off. I wanted to see Mr. McC(allan) and the master of the Schooner Harkaway, Captain Schultz. It was his first voiage master from Bermuda. I talked business with them about my size and age. The Captain would make me feel a bit sick at times when he'd eye me and say to the owner He is a bit too young. I heard the old Gentleman say he is big enough to eat his hash.
Capt says to me well boy what wages do you expect — Six dollars and a half months advance. Capt smiled and said to the Owner He talks salt dont he.
Oh yes says the owner with a smile, come and signe your name Boy for the Captain will fixe you up when he gets you on board. Here take this $3 bill and get home quick. Fetch your Donkey (seaman's bag) and Donkeys Breakfast down and get to work.
Now come a Mother humbug I had sprung this little job on Mother kind of quick.
What is Mother going to say when I tell her I am shiped on the Harkaway for six months.
I have drawed half a months pay in advance and (been) ordered on board bag and bagage today.
I just made up my mind if I want to be a sailor I had to take the Bull by the horns. In the kitchen I walks and planks down my advance. Here you are Mother and I am wanted on board Bag and Bagage so as to go to work after dinner — I think I can see my dear Mother now. What is this twelve shillings for. That is my advance I am shiped in the Harkaway bound to Havana with onions and back with a cargo of sugar and the Captain is a nice man he used to be mate on the Harvest Queen.
Of course she wanted to know who gave me leave to ship and a thousand other things. Then she fixes herself up and away we go down to the Wharf, she had me troting by her side all the way. She calls for Captain S— and Mr. McC— the owner. Now the Captain did not feel to good about then for he had just lost seven or eight Doubloons from his pocket overboard.
The owner said. Oh let him go, it will do him good. Of course the Captain said he would take care of the Boy and fetch him back alright, if I did not get sick of him before I got to sea. I fancy the Captain having the loss of so much money softened Mother's heart and said Well Captain my boy may go with you but be good to him.
So after dinner I was alowed to go on board and turn too. The Captain tried to make me sick of sea life pulling and hauling scraping and greasing, all kinds of dirty work that he could find — It was no use for him to try for I done everything just as I was ordered.
After two days alongside of the Wharf the Schooner was sent up the Reach to load near the Old Ferry. Onions and potatoes came along side by the Boat load until she was full and ready for sea.
My first night on board I was left as ship keeper. I was up all night watching the ship and thinking of the voiage ahead of me. I never shall forget the raw salt pork and pilot Bread I eat that night. We did not get to sea the next day. So that Captain told me to go home (and) to be on board the next morning when the Crew came — So my dear Mother was up bright and early filling my Donkey with clothes, Sweet Bread Cakes, Writing Paper, Inks, Pins, Thread, Needles, Buttons and a little bottle of Rum and Tanzie that was for me when I got sea sick.
Then of course came Mother's blessings and a few words of advice. Among the words of advice I never forget and oftimes wonder how she ever came by, there were the words she said, Now my boy you ever want to be careful with your Tongue once on board of ship. Dont tell tales about your shipmates from one to the other for it will do no good and if you hear the Officers talking about the Men forward or the Men talking about the Officers dont mention it lo anybody or you may be sorry for it. This bit of advice was not forgotten by me, and 1 proved it in my second voiage to sea. In the middle of all this came a knock at the door. It was one of the crew came to tell me I was wanted at the Wharf as the boat was about ready to push off (and) all was ready to go on board. I kissed Mother and away I went to the boat.
It was a bright Sunday morning and everybody was happy. We soon rowed the Boat up through the Reach and along side the old Harkaway. Took in the Boat, hove short and made sail. When the old Pilot arrived. Pilot Jacob Minors and two sons, we got (up) the anchor, hoisted the jibs and let her go out through the ferric down around Fort Catherine and out (through) Seventure (Sea Venture) Channel. I began to feel a bit quare and thought If only I was home.
Plum pudding for dinner and I could not eat it, thinks I to myself what can be the matter with me. I can't be right when plum pudding makes me sick to look at it. Now boys I was real ill for three daj's. The Captain used to be after me all the time do this do that. To tell the truth I'd rather died than do anything else, if I'd been allowed. The fourth day I begun to pick up my sea legs, could eat my hash and duff too.
Oh I soon got to be a sailor scraping and slushing aloft. The sailors used to use me rather rough at times. I had a good friend in the steward and one of the crew a man by the name of Anthony Smith from Tuckers Town. He was lost to sea afterwards from a brig "The Glance". The Captain and Mate had me for a play thing, having me to put a hand spike in the scupper to stop the ship from rolling, tie my hands together and fetch them down over my knees and rieve a broomstick through above my bands and under my knees, then roll me around the deck like a ball. Get the end of a rope, make it fast round my middle and put me over the ship's side. Then have another rope fastened to me leading under the ships keel up the other side, and they would swear they would keel hall (haul) me if I did not tell the truth and answer such questions as they put to me. We had lovely weather all this time some five or six days.
Now we was getting near some land I knew for the order was given to the Look Out man to keep a good look out for the Land or a light. About 8 pm came the cry Light Ho from the man on the look out. Were (where) away? shouts the Mate. The answer was about one point on starboard bow. Oh we was sailing on fine. The moon was shining bright. The steward and the other two men was spinning yarns round the Windlas(s). It was my look out, I said to one of the men I think I see Land ahead — Can you, then report it — So they had a look Yes its Land says one, and I can hear the sea rolling on the beach says the other. I shouted Breakers ahead this fetched the Captain on deck —
Everything was jumping in a little while for the Captain grabbed the wheel and shouted ready about boyes look alive for those devils have put a false light up there to put us on the Rocks.
The Harkaway came around like a thing of life. The light was gone by the time we put our head off shore.
We tacked ship about midnight and stood in shore again so about day light we made the light near the Hole in the Wall. So we sailed on for a few more days with fine weather, picking onions and potatoes every day until we made Cuba and arrived in to Havana eleven days from Bermuda. Our cargo was in good condition (and) struck a good market. Onions and potatoes was worth money then. Our Captain could talk Spanish as well as he could talk any other language. I guess he could talk to any man he chanced to meet. I was his boatman. He would call along by a Dutch ship and talk, then an English ship and talk, a Spanish ship and talk or a Frenchman, it was all the same to him. I said to him one day How is it Captain Schultz I see you talk to everybody Can you talk to those Chinese — Oh yes my Boy I can talk to those Devils too.
We lay in the Harbour for a few days and then they took us in to the Wharf — How strange it looked to a Bermuda boy to see a ship moored bow on to the Wharf and that was the way all ships was moored in Havana.
We discharged our onions and potatoes and droped out in the Harbour again. In a few days we begun to load Sugar for Bermuda so you might judge our Captain got a good price for the onions and potatoes as the old Harkaway was (soon) well loaded down. The Lighters would fetch it along side. I remember it was all in large boxes and well put up too for 1 could not get a taste of it. But the guava jelly and fruit of all kinds now you can be sure I had quite enough of it. I bought quite a lot to fetch home and a good job I did for on the voiage home I fell in with Mr. Neptune and jellie was the only thing he wanted.
After the cargo was on board the Pilot came and put us to sea. The first few days was fine weather and we done fine work around the decks and aloft scrubing scraping and painting. You may get short of grub on board of a ship. Work never gives out for there is always lots to do. Our fine weather came to an end. Then we had a change for a few days — real squally and changeable weather night and day, all hands on deck most of the time. Our Captain was on deck about all the time as he wanted to make a good run. We soon run in(to) fine weather again. Things was going on fine and the old Harkaway begun to shine.
The Captain and mate bad made up their mind to see Mr. Neptune that voiage. Of course I knew too that Mr. Neptune or Father Neptune was coming on board. Oh I could see it all right.
The old Harkaway was just full of rats and 1 was the rat catcher (and) had to see the traps set in the ships hole (hold) every night. So one night in the Dog Watch I went below to place the traps for the night. All was still on the deck and every body seemed a bit sleepy as I thought. I hardly had time to place my traps before I heard the Report of a Gun something I had not seen on the Harkaway. Then I heard someone shouting like thunder Schooner ahoy. Halow cries our Captain Who are you — I am Father Neptune — I want to come on board.
You are welcome to come on board, cries our Captain.
About this time I came up the cabin gangway as I had to go up and down the trap in the cabin floor. Say boys the worst of it was when Father Neptune's gun went off my lamp went out and it was so dark I could not find my way to the trap. I was a bit excited for I could not make out what the trouble was. I heard the gun and it sounded like a big one too. And the hailing of the schooner it seemed to be a long way off, and such a grim voice. Thinks I to myself Can it be a pirate.
As I said before it took me some time to get on deck. I was soaked with sweat. 1 looked away to the weather quarter and there I saw a great Light. The crew nil seemed to be as bad as myself tumbling over one a nother getting aft. The Captain went forward to see if Father Neptune was coming on board. When I looked forward there he was. Oh I knew (it was) him as soon as I saw him, because we had no one like that on board. Such a whisker and face. His clothing looked so quare. A great Bulls Eye lamp in one hand a speaking Trumpet in the other. He was abusing the Captain because the Mate was not there to receive him on the Fore Castle head.
He told the Captain to get on the Quarter Deck where he belonged.
When the Captain gets on the Poop old Neptune makes use of the speaking Trumpet again,
By enquiring if there was any of his sons on board.
— Yes sir I have one young sailor on board — Then I shall come on board as I have a few questions to put to him.
By this time I was well aloft. He sent two of the men to fetch me down. I saw it was no use dodging about so down I came.
Old Neptune stood by the pumps — these old time pumps was used in those days and wood at that. I tell you boys he was a frightful old chap to look at. He had all the tools required to Ill treat me with. A Bulls Eye lamp that he used to look me over with (and) a tin with a horrible mixture — it smelt to me like cole tar fish oil and rotten fish. Oh I was such a sight when daylight came. You talk about a Rayzor it was about two feet long and had teeth like a saw. But shaving paste, that he had in a little bag and he lade it on with a piece of Iron hoop You was sure to get it in your mouth and eyes — well I can't tell you what I thought it was. I saw he had a large Dager by his side (and) a few large Wedges under his Arm. I wondered what can those Wedges be used for. Of course I soon found out for when the men got me down on deck he ordered the two of them to fetch me along and in no mild tone of voice either.
I steped up a kind of bold. One of the men told me to shake hands with Father Neptune. Oh I'll shake his hand he shouted just you hold him. He hands over a bit of rope with an Eye splice in one end to one of the men saying put on his Kicking Lanyard and hitch it tight too — I shall teach him to clime aloft with out an order. The rope was rather tight for it cut the skin above my foot. Now he says rieve the other end through that Ring Bolt in the Deck near the Pumps. Now comes the trouble when old Neptune calls for the Captain and makes some enquiries about me. Well I thought it was all up with me for (after) the first answer the Captain gave old Neptune shouted Oh he did did he, well I shall teach him. Now he takes two of these Wedges from under his Arm. He places them under the pump break (brake) with my fingers between the Wedges and one of the men was ordered to break down on the break. The man on the pump break was no friend of mine simply because I'd not fill and light his pipe. The Captain had no idea nor the Steward either what my punishment was only the man on the pump break and myself. I dear not open my mouth for every time I did I was sure to get it filled with this horrible mixture. Every question old Neptune asked the Captain old Neptune was sure to say Oh he did did he — no matter what the answer was. It was the same order to the man on the pump break — Here you a little more power on that pump break or I will treat you to some of the same. Captain and all hands seemed to be under his orders. After a few of these orders, a little more on the pump break you, my hand seemed dead I had no feeling in it until the order was given to take out the Wedges from the pump and unrieve the kicking lanyard from out of the ring bolt. Take him in the scrappers old Neptune (said) undress him and scrub him then bring him on the Quarter deck where I'll comb his hair and shave him.
I could not help it I showed fight with the men anyway when they begun to undress me.
Of course my fight was of no use for I was too light and Neptune got me when the men had carried his orders out. They gave me the Frogs March along one the lee side of the Quarter deck and handed me over to Father Neptune. Now boys he soaked me proper. Smeared my face with his old mixture — I can never forget that smell and the taste was horrible.
I dear not open my mouth for if I did he'd shove the Brush in. He scraped most of the skin off my face I was sore for days.
Now the mixture proper was what he coated me with from Head to heels. Oh I was a picture to look at when daylight came.
The worst of it was I had to give ten boxes of Guava jellie or he wanted one of my teeth for a keepsake. Of course I gave it to him and I abused him. For that I was to be keelhalled. I got in the ships hole and could not be found until daylight I came on deck. Old Neptune was out of sight. Now I got lots of ropes ending over this as all hands kept on bothering me about it for old Neptune (had) asked all kind of questions, about your sweethart, if you had been a theif or a lire, if you was good to your Mother and Father — I was glad to get close of him.
About three days from home the weather was fine. Every chance I had I was scrubing myself. The morning we sighted land I was in the scuppers cleaning myself when we sighted a gig Boat with a Pilot from Tuckers Town, John Smith, so by breakfast we was in the little harbour of St. George's.
1. Johan Christoffel SCHOLTSZ1,2 was born in Duchy of Limburg. He married Maria Elisabeth Margaretha DE JONGE on 29 January 1804 in Curaçao.3,4,5 He died on 1 March 1819 in Curaçao.
The marriage banns and marriage record are
extremely hard to read but according to the translator it says that Johan is
from Elssloth in the Duchy of Limburg. The Duchy of Limburg is in what is now
Belgium.
The only problem is that the only Elssloth I can find was in the Duchy of
Oldenburg in Germany a couple hundred miles away.
There were several small villages in the Duchy of Limburg whose names look
similar to a hand written Elssloth such as Elendorff.
Maria Elisabeth Margaretha DE JONGE1,3,6 (also known as Maria Elisabeth Margaretha SCHOLTZ and Maria Elisabeth Margaretha ZEPPENFELDT), daughter of Evert Carel DE JONGE ( -c. 1812), was born on 27 December 1785 in Curaçao.3 She married Carel Wilhelm ZEPPENFELDT on 18 May 1825 in Fort Amsterdam, Curaçao.3,4 She died on 22 June 1852 in 2nd borough, huis nom 76a, Willemstad, Curaçao.1,3 She and Johan Christoffel SCHOLTSZ had the following children:
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Catharina Louisa Wilhelmina SCHOLTZ (1808- ) |
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Anna Wilhelmina SCHOLTZ (1810- ) |
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Frederik Anthon SCHOLTZ (1813-1887) |
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2. Catharina Louisa Wilhelmina SCHOLTZ,4 daughter of Johan Christoffel SCHOLTSZ and Maria Elisabeth Margaretha DE JONGE, was born on 14 October 1808 in Curaçao.4 She was baptised on 28 October 1808.4 Lutheran.
3. Anna Wilhelmina SCHOLTZ,4 daughter of Johan Christoffel SCHOLTSZ and Maria Elisabeth Margaretha DE JONGE, was born on 16 October 1810 in Curaçao.4 She was baptized on 30 October 1810.4
4. Frederik Anthon SCHOLTZ,7,8 son of Johan Christoffel SCHOLTSZ and Maria Elisabeth Margaretha DE JONGE, was born on 19 October 1813 in Curaçao.1 He was baptized on 10 December 1813.4 He was a pharmacist. He married Maria Augusta MÖLLER on 9 September 1835 in Fort Amsterdam, Curaçao.4,7 They were married by the Governor of Curaçao and the subjected islands. Frederik died on 30 November 1887 in Curaçao.1
Maria Augusta MÖLLER7,8,9 (also known as Maria Augusta SCHOLTZ), daughter of Joseph MÖLLER (1772-1847) and Cornelia Petronella ENGELBRONN (1795-1881), was born on 27 November 1815 in Curaçao. She died on 23 April 1849 in Curaçao.10 She and Frederik Anthon SCHOLTZ had the following children:
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Johan Cristafel SCHOLTZ (1837-c. 1904) |
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Cornelia Petronella SCHOLTZ (1838-1881) |
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Joseph SCHOLTZ (1839-1911) |
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Maria Elizabeth Margaretha SCHOLTZ (1841-1919) |
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Sophia Wilhelmina SCHOLTZ (1842-1884) |
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Lodewyk Evert SCHOLTZ (1844-1845) |
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Louisa Catharina SCHOLTZ (1845-1898) |
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Gozewina Augusta SCHOLTZ (1846-1862) |
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Evert Carel SCHOLTZ (1848- ) |
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Johan C. Scholtz |
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Obdulia Roldán Scholtz |
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5. Johan Cristafel SCHOLTZ7,11
(also known as Johan C. SCHOLTZ), son of Frederik Anthon SCHOLTZ and Maria
Augusta MÖLLER, was born on 23 January 1837 in Curaçao.4,12 He was
born circa 1840.13 He and his family lived in Caracas. He was Consul
in La Guaira, Venezuela for Holland, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, and others
because he was fluent in several languages. Today, La Guaira is just a few
minute ride down the hill from Caracas, however, before the turn of the century
it was a long trip. So, Johan used to live during the week in La Guaira and go
home to Caracas when he could.
Johan had a sister named Mimi. This we know from a circa 1860 picture with
the caption "Tia Mimi hermana mia querada de Papa LH" and a picture
of Carlos with the caption "Para mis queridos tia Mimi, Mamachi + Papachi,
de su sobrino Carlos, Julio 16/1894". Johan married Obdulia ROLDÁN
circa 1858 in Venezuela. He died circa 1904. His son Henrique's 1921 passport
application stated he was dead about 15 years. Johan and Louise MORTON
were an unmarried couple.
Obdulia ROLDÁN11,14 (also known as Obdulia SCHOLTZ) was born in Venezuela. Her parents were said to have been from Sevillia, Spain. Their family may have owned a winery there. The 1910 census for her son Henrique says that she was born in Spain and was Spanish. This probably meant Venezuela. Henrique and most of his children were listed the same way. Obdulia died after 7 March 1911.15 She and Johan Cristafel SCHOLTZ had the following children:
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Mimi SCHOLTZ (c. 1859-bef1946) |
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Cornelia Petronila SCHOLTZ (1860-1879) |
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Josefina Alida SCHOLTZ (1864-1917) |
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Carlos Alfredo SCHOLTZ (1864-1946) |
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Luis Roberto SCHOLTZ (c. 1866-1935) |
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Juan Federico SCHOLTZ (1867-1925) |
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Obdulia SCHOLTZ (c. 1870-bef1946) |
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Eliza SCHOLTZ (1871-bef1946) |
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Isabel SCHOLTZ (c. 1872-aft1954) |
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José Henrique SCHOLTZ (1873-1954) |
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Rosa Amalia SCHOLTZ (1876-aft1946) |
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Alfredo SCHOLTZ (c. 1881-bef1946) |
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Guillermo SCHOLTZ ( -bef1946) |
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Louisa Theresa SCHOLTZ (1882-aft1946) |
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Louise MORTON,16,17 daughter of George MORTON ( - ) and Sara Jane HODGE ( - ), was born circa 1876 in St. Thomas. Louise had moved to Laguira probably with both parents by 1891. She moved her family along with her mother to Trinidad around 1903, possibly when Johan was expelled. Louise died in 1958 in Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago. She and Johan Cristafel SCHOLTZ had the following children:
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Juan Francisco "John" SCHOLTZ (MORTON) (c. 1892- ) |
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José Conrado Esteban SCHOLTZ (MORTON) (1894-1974) |
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Alberto Fernando SCHOLTZ (MORTON) (1896- ) |
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Victor Mario SCHOLTZ (MORTON) (c. 1900-1933) |
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Lilian Wilhelmina SCHOLTZ (MORTON) (1902-c. 1976) |
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6. Cornelia Petronella SCHOLTZ,4,18,19 daughter of Frederik Anthon SCHOLTZ and Maria Augusta MÖLLER, was born on 15 September 1838 in Curaçao.4 She died on 6 January 1881 in Curaçao.
She was not married.
7. Joseph SCHOLTZ,4,20,21
son of Frederik Anthon SCHOLTZ and Maria Augusta MÖLLER, was born on 7 October
1839 in Curaçao.4 August Lebergt Statius Muller went with Frederik
Anthon to register Joseph's birth. Almost 60 years later August and Frederik's
grandchildren (José Henrique Scholtz and Joanna Catharina van Daalen) would
marry. Joseph married Eliza Eleanor PENISTON on 13 February 1868 in
Smith's, Bermuda.22 Parish Church. Joseph was naturalised on 31
March 1876 in Brooklyn, New York.23 His occupation was listed as
Seaman, his former nationality was Dutch, and it was witnessed by Henry P. Kirkham
of Hempstead, LI, NY. Joseph died on 21 February 1911 in Hamilton, Bermuda.
From Wisden Cricketers' Almanack Obituary: CAPT. JOSEPH SCHOLTZ died suddenly
at Hamilton, Bermuda, on February 21st, aged 71. He was born at Curaçao, and
was one of the oldest members of the Hamilton C.C. Joseph experienced Anecdote.
The first record of Joseph after his birth is traveling to New York on 3 Mar
1876 and he was naturalized a few weeks later. When he arrived he was listed
as a Master Mariner and as a Seaman when he was naturalized. Later he was
known as a ship Captain. There are at least two records of him returning from
Europe and several records from Bermuda where Eliza was from.
Joseph and Eliza resided in Brooklyn form 1876 until around 1883 when they lived
in Montclair, NJ. By 1903, the last time Joseph shows up in a record, he was
listed as residing in Bermuda.
Maritime records show him as captain of various vessels, some of which he
owned, from 1872 until 1883 when he seems to have retired and moved to New
Jersey and later back to Bermuda.
After Joseph and Eliza moved to New York, many of Johan's Children came to
visit their aunt and uncle. Several eventually moved there. Carlos was the
first. He came in 1882 and likely lived with Joseph and Eliza. After Carlos
were Luis, Josephina, Eliza, Rosa Amalia, Alfredo, Isabel, and Henrique. At
some point there was a falling out between Carlos and Joseph and they stopped
talking to each other.
Eliza Eleanor PENISTON22,24 (also known as SCHOLTZ) was born in 1847 in Hamilton Parish, Bermuda. She was buried in Saint Marks Church Cemetery.25 The address was: Smith's Parish, Bermuda.
8. Maria Elizabeth Margaretha SCHOLTZ,4,26,27 daughter of Frederik Anthon SCHOLTZ and Maria Augusta MÖLLER, was born on 31 March 1841 in Curaçao.4 She died on 4 August 1919.
9. Sophia Wilhelmina SCHOLTZ,4,28,29 daughter of Frederik Anthon SCHOLTZ and Maria Augusta MÖLLER, was born on 11 November 1842 in Curaçao.4 She died on 4 September 1884 in Willemstad, Curaçao.4
She was not married.
10. Lodewyk Evert SCHOLTZ,30 son of Frederik Anthon SCHOLTZ and Maria Augusta MÖLLER, was born on 3 April 1844 in Curaçao.30 He died on 7 April 1845 in Curaçao.
11. Louisa Catharina SCHOLTZ4,31,32,33 (also known as Louisa Catharina VAN OSENBRUGGEN), daughter of Frederik Anthon SCHOLTZ and Maria Augusta MÖLLER, was born on 5 July 1845 in Curaçao.4 She married Carel Robert Alexander VAN OSENBRUGGEN on 5 July 1876 in 352, Overzijde (Otrobanda C.), Curaçao.31 She died on 20 September 1898.
Carel Robert Alexander VAN OSENBRUGGEN31 was born circa 1841 in The Hague.31 He was an officer with the royal Dutch navy, stationed in Curaçao.
12. Gozewina Augusta SCHOLTZ,34,35 daughter of Frederik Anthon SCHOLTZ and Maria Augusta MÖLLER, was born on 22 October 1846.34 She died on 11 August 1862 in Curaçao.34
13. Evert Carel SCHOLTZ,4,36 son of Frederik Anthon SCHOLTZ and Maria Augusta MÖLLER, was born on 5 January 1848 in Curaçao.4
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Mimi Scholtz |
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14. Mimi SCHOLTZ,11 daughter of Johan Cristafel SCHOLTZ and Obdulia ROLDÁN, was born circa 1859 in Venezuela.37 There was a Miss M Schultz, 21, from Venezuela who traveled to New York from Curaçao in 1880 with a Mr. L Schultz, 14, from Venezuela. The age of L Schultz matches that of Luis so M was probably Mimi. Mimi died before 1946.38
15. Cornelia Petronila SCHOLTZ,39 daughter of Johan Cristafel SCHOLTZ and Obdulia ROLDÁN, was born in June 1860 in Venezuela. She died on 17 November 1879 in Caracas, Venezuela.
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Josefina Alinda Scholtz Statius Muller |
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16. Josefina Alida SCHOLTZ9,11,40,41 (also known as Josefina Alida STATIUS MULLER), daughter of Johan Cristafel SCHOLTZ and Obdulia ROLDÁN, was born on 8 April 1864 in Venezuela. In Dutch records her name was listed as Gozewina. Josefina married Albert Willem STATIUS MULLER on 5 October 1889. She died on 17 October 1917 in 115 Lenox Road, Brooklyn, New York.42
Albert Willem STATIUS MULLER40,41,43,44 (also known as Asl STATIUS MULLER), son of Hendrik August STATIUS MULLER (1829-1883) and Johanna Catharina Cornelia VOOGD (1830-1888), was born on 31 July 1865 in Curaçao. He died on 24 December 1929 in Brooklyn, New York. He and Josefina Alida SCHOLTZ had the following children:
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Hendrick August STATIUS MULLER (1890-1955) |
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+34 |
Obdulia Eatharina Cornelia STATIUS MULLER (1891-1892) |
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Carlos Antonio STATIUS MULLER (1893-1962) |
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+36 |
Johan Cristoffel STATIUS MULLER (1896-1963) |
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+37 |
Albert Willem STATIUS MULLER (1900-1995) |
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+38 |
Maria Teresa Augusta STATIUS MULLER (1904-1967) |
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+39 |
Obdulia Emma STATIUS MULLER (1906- ) |
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Carlos Alfredo Scholtz |
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17. Carlos Alfredo SCHOLTZ,11,14,45 son of Johan Cristafel SCHOLTZ and Obdulia ROLDÁN, was born on 4 August 1864 in La Guaira, Venezuela. He was naturalised on 19 October 1885 in Newark, New Jersey.46,47 He was co-founder of Scholtz & Co with his brother Henrique. He was a founder and former President of the New York Cocoa Exchange. From his New York Times obituary: Mr. Scholtz, a member of the exporting and importing firm Scholtz & Co., 82 Wall Street, Manhattan, was one the leaders in the cocoa trade. He was a founder and former first vice president of the Venezuelan Chamber of Commerce in the United States and a member of the Pan-American Society and the Bolivarian Society of the United States. He and his wife helped raise John Scholtz (son of Luis and Avalina) but they did not have any children of their own. Carlos married Homeretta REOPATH circa 1900. He died on 13 May 1946 in 291 Fisher Av, White Plains, New York. He experienced Employment. Coffee Importer.
Homeretta REOPATH11,14,45,48,49 (also known as Birdie REOPATH and Homeretta SCHOLTZ) was born on 1 August 1874 in Pennsylvania. Her grandfather was a Native American. Homeretta died on 15 April 1961.
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Luis Roldán Scholtz |
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18. Luis Roberto SCHOLTZ,11,14,50,51
son of Johan Cristafel SCHOLTZ and Obdulia ROLDÁN, was born circa 1866 in La
Guaira or Caracas, Venezuela. Luis was one of the founders of the first radio
station in Venezuela in 1926. The following is from radiodx.com and is
copyright of Ragusa Media Group, PO Box 14339, Wellington, New Zealand:
This year marks the 77 years of the issuing of the first official license
to install a radio station in Venezuela; this first license was granted by the
Ministry of Public Works and Economy the 25 of September, 1925, to Mr. Arturo
Santana and Mr. Luis Scholtz, who founded "Arturo Santana, Scholtz &
Company" with the purpose of operating the "Empresa Venezolana de
Radiotelefonía"; it was Mr. Alfredo Muller who had the honor of being the
first official announcer of this station, thus becoming the first ever radio
announcer in Venezuela. This license not only gave them the exclusive rights to
broadcast, but also the exclusive rights for the commercialization of the
receivers. Friday, April 2, 1926, arrived at the port of La Guaira from New
York the equipment for the first Venezuelan radio station.
This first station was called AYRE Broadcasting, their studios were located
in a building in the corner of El Tejar, and the antenna and the transmitter in
a lot nearby the bullring the "Nuevo Circo", not to far from the
Bolivar square in Caracas. AYRE began its transmissions the night of May 23,
1926.
The newspaper El Universal, in its edition of May 24, 1926, depicts its
inauguration as: "The Station AYRE Central Broadcasting of Caracas,
inaugurated last night, was constructed by the powerful American company
Western and its reach is of 2,000 miles, it is moved by two electrical motors,
its power is of 12 horses. Its height is 65 meters".
Thanks to the technical capacity of Mr. Luis Scholtz, AYRE was as good as any
of the best stations of its time; the station consisted of a transmitters made
by the Western Electric and towers of 65 meters height to support the antenna.
Some historical reviews indicate that its power was 1 Kilowatt, but if what was
published by the newspaper El Universal is correct, and its power was 12
horses, then its actual power was + - 9 Kilowatt (12 HP multiplied by the
conversion factor that is 746).
Unfortunately this station was in the air a very short time; the dictator
of the moment, General Juan Vicente Gomez, did not see Mr. Arturo Santana with
very good eyes, Santana was also a colonel in the Venezuelan army and
aide-de-camp of his older son, General Jose Vicente Gomez, who was exiled in
Switzerland for political reasons; and taking advantage of the serious
political turmoil of April 7, 1928, when two military bases in Caracas revolt
and a military conspiracy starts up, in which also some university leaders who
in the end would finish jailed participated, Gomez, adducing reasons of
"state security", ordered the closing of the station, this action
marked the end of the first chapter of the broadcasting history in Venezuela.
AYRE was born thanks to the political influence of Colonel Santana, and is this
same political influence what determine its closing. Luis married Avalina
PATCHECO. He died on 21 November 1935 in Brooklyn.52 Age 69 at
death.
Avalina PATCHECO14,51,53 (also known as Avalina SCHOLTZ and Du Du PATCHECO) was born circa 1873 in Caracas. She and Luis were ostracized by his family because she was of South American Indian decent. Roger Muller remembered her "as a loving grandmother and she cared about humanity. She never turned anyone away who was destitute". Avalina died after 1940. She and Luis Roberto SCHOLTZ had the following children:
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+40 |
John Christopher SCHOLTZ (1893-1976) |
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+41 |
Maria Luisa SCHOLTZ (1897-1960) |
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+42 |
Luisa Margarita SCHOLTZ (c. 1900- ) |
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+43 |
Victor Manuel SCHOLTZ (c. 1901- ) |
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Frederico Scholtz |
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19. Juan Federico SCHOLTZ,11,54 son of Johan Cristafel SCHOLTZ and Obdulia ROLDÁN, was born on 12 August 1867 in La Guaira. He died on 16 January 1925 in Curaçao. His death record did not list a spouse (just parents) so it's likely he never married.
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Obdulia Scholtz |
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20. Obdulia SCHOLTZ,11 daughter of Johan Cristafel SCHOLTZ and Obdulia ROLDÁN, was born circa 1870 in Venezuela. She died before 1946.55
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Elisa Scholtz |
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21. Eliza SCHOLTZ,11,50,56 daughter of Johan Cristafel SCHOLTZ and Obdulia ROLDÁN, was born in 1871 in Caracas or La Guaira, Venezuela. She died before 1946.38
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Isabel Scholtz |
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22. Isabel SCHOLTZ,11,50 daughter of Johan Cristafel SCHOLTZ and Obdulia ROLDÁN, was born circa 1872 in Caracas or La Guaira. She died after 1954.38,57 She was still living in Venezuela at the time of her brother Henrique's death.
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Henrique Scholtz |
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Catharina van Daalen Scholtz |
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Berta Azerm Scholtz |
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23. José Henrique SCHOLTZ11,58,59,60,61,62,63
(also known as Henrique SCHOLTZ), son of Johan Cristafel SCHOLTZ and Obdulia
ROLDÁN, was born on 2 May 1873 in La Guaira. He migrated to New York, New York
on 18 December 1895.64,65 This was his first trip to New York. José
married Joanna Catharina VAN DAALEN on 14 April 1900 in Curaçao.66
He migrated to New York on 3 May 1909. While he had been to New York several
times and most of his family at least once, this is the trip where they
actually moved to New York. They sailed on the SS Philadelphia from La Guaira,
Venezuela. José experienced Employment circa 1909. Coffee Importer at Scholtz
& Company. José appeared in the census on 19 April 1910 in Brooklyn. Head,
191 Park Place. José was naturalised on 19 May 1916 in Brooklyn.67,68
He appeared in the census in January 1920 in Brooklyn. Head, 116 Lincoln Road.
José appeared in the census on 12 April 1930 in Brooklyn. Head, 116 Lincoln
Road. He owned the home and it was worth $35,000. New York Times obituary for
J Henrique Scholtz
J Henrique Scholtz, Coffee Importer, 81
J Henrique Scholtz, a founder and former member of Scholtz & Co, coffee
importers, died yesterday in his home, 1 Fifth Ave, after a short illness. His
age was 81. He was born in Caracas, Venezuela, where he still maintained a
residence, and came to the US in 1902.
Formerly a coffee planter and exporter in Venezuela, Mr. Scholtz founded
his concern here in 1906. He retired in 1948.
He was a Venezuelan representative at the Pan American Coffee Board here and
at the Inter-American Coffee Board in Washington.
Mr Scholtz was a former member of the New York Coffee and Sugar Exchange
and the New York Cocoa Exchange.
Surviving are his widow, Berta; two sons, J Henry Jr.. and Arthur; three
daughters, Miss Gertrude Scholtz, Mrs Norman Smith and Mrs Fredrick Cooper; two
sisters in Venezuela, six grandchildren and a great-grandchild.
As a child he went to the docks with his father and got a rowboat. He rowed
out the ships coming in and traded with the captains. He was doing so well that
one of his sisters decided to invest in his operation. She bought another
rowboat and hired someone to row it. Later he started to import Steinway
pianos. They became a status symbol in Caracas and he did very well until he saturated
the market. At one point he had a plantation (possibly coffee) outside of
Caracas. One day the foreman came into town and said that he was having trouble
with one of the workers. Henrique told him that he did not want to hear about
it and that he, the foreman, was paid to solve the problems himself. The next
time the foreman was in town Henrique asked how he solved the problem with the
worker. The foreman said he shot the worker. At that point Henrique decided to
sell the plantation. He first came to America in 1896 where his brother Carlos
and uncle Joseph lived. After marrying in 1900, he and his family went back and
forth between New York and Venezuela. Arthur (the only one child born out of
Venezuela) was born in Brooklyn but on his birth certificate his parents
residence was listed as Caracas. In December of 1908 a new dictator took over
the country the people were hopeful things would finally improve. Henrique and
his friend Lorenzo Marturet went to the palace where a crowd of people were
calling for the new leader to come out and speak. The leader came out on the
balcony and said "Let the people be quiet." The leader then returned
to his room. Henrique turned to his friend and said that it was time to move
out of the country and move to New York. His friend said that he would go only
if New York had a good opera. Henrique and his family packed up their things
and arrived in New York on 3 May 1909. Marturet and family didn't arrive until
1911. They bought adjoining Brownstones in Brooklyn. Within a year his friend
moved back to Venezuela. Back around 1905, Henrique, his brother Carlos and
Marturet founded Scholtz & Marturet. By 1915 when Martruet had returned to
Venezuela the company became Scholtz & Co. Henrique worked there until he retired
in 1948.
In the 1910 census he was listed as a merchant whose general nature of business
was commission. He rented the home where he lived with his family, his
mother-in-law and his sister Louisa who had just come that year. While in
Brooklyn he had all his relatives from Venezuela and Curaçao over at Christmas
time. Not all the families were as well off as his so all the children were
very happy when everyone of them received a present. José married Berta
AZERM. He died on 23 September 1954 in 1 Fifth Av, Brooklyn, New York. He
was buried on 25 September 1954 in Green-Wood Cemetery, Brooklyn, New York. Lot
37755, Section 151.
Joanna Catharina VAN DAALEN11,58,59,61,62,69 (also known as Joanna Catharina SCHOLTZ), daughter of Jan Hero Adriaan VAN DAALEN (1842-1899) and Geertruida Maria Elisabeth STATIUS MULLER (1855-1942), was born on 17 January 1881 in Willemstad, Curaçao. She migrated to New York on 3 May 1909. They sailed on the SS Philadelphia from La Guaira, Venezuela. Joanna appeared in the census on 19 April 1910 in Brooklyn. Wife, 191 Park Place. Joanna was naturalised on 19 May 1916 in Brooklyn.70 She appeared in the census in January 1920 in Brooklyn. Wife, 116 Lincoln Road. Joanna appeared in the census on 12 April 1930 in Brooklyn. Wife, 116 Lincoln Road. Joanna died in 1943 in New York. She was buried on 7 August 1943 in Green-Wood Cemetery. Lot 37755, Section 151. She and José Henrique SCHOLTZ had the following children:
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+44 |
Gertruida SCHOLTZ (1901-1992) |
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+45 |
José Henrique "Henry" SCHOLTZ (1902-1997) |
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+46 |
Aleonor Agusta SCHOLTZ (1905-1994) |
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+47 |
Arthur Edward SCHOLTZ (1906-1989) |
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+48 |
Obdulia Margareta SCHOLTZ (1909-1993) |
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Berta AZERM11 (also known as Berta SCHOLTZ) was born circa 1894. She married Alfredo SCHOLTZ. She died in August 1992 in Caracas.
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Rosa Amalia Scholtz |
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24. Rosa Amalia SCHOLTZ11,61,71
(also known as Rosa Amalia SCHOLTZ and Rosa Amalia PRICE), daughter of Johan
Cristafel SCHOLTZ and Obdulia ROLDÁN, was born on 1 June 1876 in San Juan,
Caracas, Venezuela. Birth Record:
I, Pedro Barbasca, principal civil authority of the borough of San Juan
(Caracas) am able to state that today, the sixth of June in the year one
thousand eight hundred and seventy six, I have seen a baby girl shown to me by
Juan Christobal Scholtz, who says that he is the baby’s legitimate father. His
profession is a businessman, he resides in this borough, he states that the
baby girl has been born in this borough at an address on the street called
Triumfo, which address is located between a street called San Juan and a street
called the Angelitos, on the first day of the current month of June at two
o’clock in the morning: that she has been named Rosa Amalia and that she is the
legitimate daughter of Mrs. Obdulia Roldan who is a dedicated housewife, and
resident of this borough. This document has been prepared at ten thirty on the
morning of this very day.
Witnesses to this act are Francisco Luzon and Luis Maggi, both of over twenty
one years of age and residents of this borough.
Read and sworn to by this notary being in agreement with its content and
validity.
(Signed) J C Scholtz Angel Leal Francisco Luzon L Maggi. She lived in Bogota,
Colombia with her husband. After he died she moved to New York where she set up
a business setting up window displays for such stores as Lord & Taylor. She
once made a large wreath for Rockefeller Center. Rosa married Henry PRICE.
She died after 1946.38 She died before 1954.57
Her husband Henry had several children from a previous marriage but she had no children.
Henry PRICE11,45,72 was born circa 1860 in Curacao. He died. He died after 17 October 1918. On a passenger list. Henry died before 2 October 1922. Rosa was listed as a widow on a passenger list.
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Alfredo Scholtz |
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Berta Azerm Scholtz |
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25. Alfredo SCHOLTZ,11,50 son of Johan Cristafel SCHOLTZ and Obdulia ROLDÁN, was born circa 1881 in Caracas, La Guaira or Maiquetia, Venezuela. He married Berta AZERM. He died before 1946.38
Berta AZERM11 (also known as Berta SCHOLTZ) was born circa 1894. She married José Henrique SCHOLTZ. She died in August 1992 in Caracas. She and Alfredo SCHOLTZ had the following children:
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+49 |
Carlos Alfredo SCHOLTZ (1920-2009) |
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+50 |
Luis Henrique SCHOLTZ (1924-c. 2013) |
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+51 |
Herman SCHOLTZ (c. 1934-1996) |
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26. Guillermo SCHOLTZ,11 son of Johan Cristafel SCHOLTZ and Obdulia ROLDÁN, was born in Venezuela. He died between 1919 and 1946. Alfredo listed Guillermo as closest relative in Venezuela when traveling to the US in 1919 and he was not listed in Carlos' obituary in 1946.
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Louisa Theresa Scholtz |
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27. Louisa Theresa SCHOLTZ,11,59 daughter of Johan Cristafel SCHOLTZ and Obdulia ROLDÁN, was born in 1882 in Caracas or Mariquetia, Venezuela. According to the 1910 census she had just come to America to live with her brother Henrique in Brooklyn, was not married and could speech English. She was still living in Venezuela at the time of her brother Henrique's death. Louisa died after 1946.38,57
28. Juan Francisco "John" SCHOLTZ (MORTON),16,17 son of Johan Cristafel SCHOLTZ and Louise MORTON, was born circa 1892 in Laguira, Venezuela. The family changed their name to Scholtz after moving to Trinidad around 1903. John moved back to Venezuela as an adult; lived in Cabimas or Lagunillas, Zulia State. Juan died.
29. José Conrado Esteban SCHOLTZ (MORTON),16,17,73,74 son of Johan Cristafel SCHOLTZ and Louise MORTON, was born on 26 December 1894 in Laguira. The family changed their name to Scholtz after moving to Trinidad around 1903. By the time José had gotten to the United States he went by the name Joseph Conrad Scholtz. José married Lola HERNANDEZ on 23 July 1931 in Manhattan, New York. He died on 27 December 1974 in Suffolk County, New York. He was buried in Pinelawn Memorial Park. The address was: East Farmingdale, New York.
Lola HERNANDEZ16,17,74,75 was born on 3 January 1897 in Norte de Santander, Colombia. She died on 27 December 1970 in Melville, New York. She was buried in Pinelawn Memorial Park. The address was: East Farmingdale, New York. She and José Conrado Esteban SCHOLTZ (MORTON) had the following children:
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+52 |
Ralph Conrad SCHOLTZ (c. 1925-2016) |
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30. Alberto Fernando SCHOLTZ (MORTON),16,17,76 son of Johan Cristafel SCHOLTZ and Louise MORTON, was born on 14 December 1896 in Laguira. The family changed their name to Scholtz after moving to Trinidad around 1903. Alberto died. He married Alma DEBOISSIERE.
Alma DEBOISSIERE16,17,77 was born circa 1902 in Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago. She died.
31. Victor Mario SCHOLTZ (MORTON),16,17,78,79 son of Johan Cristafel SCHOLTZ and Louise MORTON, was born circa 1900 in Laguira. The family changed their name to Scholtz after moving to Trinidad around 1903. Victor married Olivia JOHNSON on 25 October 1926 in Manhattan. He died on 23 August 1933 in Manhattan. He was buried in Bronx.
Olivia JOHNSON,16,17,79 daughter of John JOHNSON ( - ) and Maud ABBOTT ( - ), was born circa 1904 in Port of Spain. She died after 1930.
32. Lilian Wilhelmina SCHOLTZ (MORTON),16,17 daughter of Johan Cristafel SCHOLTZ and Louise MORTON, was born on 5 May 1902 in Laguira. The family changed their name to Scholtz after moving to Trinidad around 1903. Lilian died circa 1976. She married KING.
KING16,17 died.
33. Hendrick August STATIUS MULLER,40,41,43 son of Albert Willem STATIUS MULLER and Josefina Alida SCHOLTZ, was born on 17 June 1890 in Curaçao. He married Elizabeth Godfrey ROSSELL. He died in March 1955. He experienced Anecdote. He was the head of the KNSM office (or Royal West Indian Mail Service) In New York. He settled later in Lyndhurst NJ.
Elizabeth Godfrey ROSSELL41 (also known as Elizabeth Godfrey STATIUS MULLER) was born on 8 March 1892.
34. Obdulia Eatharina Cornelia STATIUS MULLER,41,43,80 daughter of Albert Willem STATIUS MULLER and Josefina Alida SCHOLTZ, was born on 3 October 1891 in Curaçao. She died on 21 December 1892.
35. Carlos Antonio STATIUS MULLER,41,43,81 son of Albert Willem STATIUS MULLER and Josefina Alida SCHOLTZ, was born on 17 October 1893 in Curaçao. He married Maria Luisa SCHOLTZ. He died in November 1962 in New York.
Maria Luisa SCHOLTZ41 (also known as Maria Luisa STATIUS MULLER), daughter of Luis Roberto SCHOLTZ (c. 1866-1935) and Avalina PATCHECO (c. 1873-aft1940), was born on 7 July 1897 in Caracas, Venezuela. She died on 25 July 1960. She and Carlos Antonio STATIUS MULLER had the following children:
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Josephine Constance STATIUS MULLER (1920-1996) |
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+54 |
Norina Adelaide "Norma" STATIUS MULLER (1921-2001) |
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+55 |
Roger Luis STATIUS MULLER (1925-2012) |
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36. Johan Cristoffel STATIUS MULLER,41,43,81 son of Albert Willem STATIUS MULLER and Josefina Alida SCHOLTZ, was born on 13 September 1896 in Curaçao. He married Edith Marie LION. He died in October 1963 in New York.
Edith Marie LION41 (also known as Edith Marie STATIUS MULLER) was born.
37. Albert Willem STATIUS MULLER Jr,14,41,43 son of Albert Willem STATIUS MULLER and Josefina Alida SCHOLTZ, was born on 19 January 1900 in Curaçao.82 He married Luisa Margarita SCHOLTZ. He died in 1995 in Caracas.
Luisa Margarita SCHOLTZ14,41 (also known as Luisa Margarita STATIUS MULLER), daughter of Luis Roberto SCHOLTZ (c. 1866-1935) and Avalina PATCHECO (c. 1873-aft1940), was born circa 1900 in Caracas.82 She died. She and Albert Willem STATIUS MULLER had the following children:
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Albert STATIUS MULLER (c. 1921- ) |
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+57 |
Margie STATIUS MULLER (c. 1925-1943) |
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38. Maria Teresa Augusta STATIUS MULLER,41,43,62,80 daughter of Albert Willem STATIUS MULLER and Josefina Alida SCHOLTZ, was born on 23 June 1904 in Curaçao. She died in 1967. She was buried on 1 December 1968 in Green-Wood Cemetery, Brooklyn, New York. She is buried in the J. H. Scholtz, Sr. plot (Lot 37755, Section 151).
39. Obdulia Emma STATIUS MULLER41,43 (also known as Obdulia Emma SCHENCK), daughter of Albert Willem STATIUS MULLER and Josefina Alida SCHOLTZ, was born on 5 September 1906 in Curaçao. She married Teunis SCHENCK.
Teunis SCHENCK41,81 was born on 24 February 1904. He died in August 1962.
40. John Christopher
SCHOLTZ I,11,14,51,83,84 son of Luis Roberto SCHOLTZ and Avalina
PATCHECO, was born on 25 March 1893 in Caracas. From the 1914 Senate records:
The Secretary of War is hereby authorized to permit John C Scholtz a citizen of
Venezuela to receive instruction at the United States Military Academy at West
Point provided that no expense shall be caused to the United States thereby and
that the said John C Scholtz shall agree to comply with all regulations for the
police and discipline of the academy to be studious and to give his utmost
efforts to accomplish the course in the various departments of instruction and
that tne said John C Scholtz shall not be admitted to the academy until he
shall have passed the mental and physical examinations prescribed for
candidates from the United States and that he shall be immediately withdrawn if
deficient in studies or conduct and so recommended by the academic board And
provided further That in the case of the said John C Scholtz the provisions of
sections thirteen hundred and twenty and thirteen hundred and twenty one of the
Revised Statutes shall be suspended Military Academy Act March 4 1913 Public No
431
According to Leonard, John William, "Who's Who in Engineering, A
Biographical Dictionary of Contemporaries 1922-1923", 1922:
Scholtz, John Christopher, 50 Church St., New York; res. 109 Fisher Av., White
Plains, New York.
Civil Engineer; b. Caracas, Venezuela, March 25, 1893; s. Luis Roberto and
Avelina (Pachedo) Scholtz; ed. Bordentown Mil. Inst., Bordentown, N. J.; C.E.
Poly. Inst. of Brooklyn. Chief estimator, Eire Railroad Co., New York, N. Y.
Commnd Capt. 3rd Reg. N. G. N. Y.; served as Sergt, 9th Coast Arty Corps of New
York State. Mem. A.A.E.
John married Luisa Cristina JAHN.14 He died on 9 December
1976 in Broward County, Florida.85
Luisa Cristina JAHN14,84,86,87 (also known as Luisa SCHOLTZ) was born on 21 June 1901 in La Victoria, Venezuela. She died on 21 December 1981 in Fr Lauderdale, Florida.
41. Maria Luisa SCHOLTZ41 (also known as Maria Luisa STATIUS MULLER), daughter of Luis Roberto SCHOLTZ and Avalina PATCHECO, was born on 7 July 1897 in Caracas. She married Carlos Antonio STATIUS MULLER. She died on 25 July 1960.
Carlos Antonio STATIUS MULLER,41,43,81 son of Albert Willem STATIUS MULLER (1865-1929) and Josefina Alida SCHOLTZ (1864-1917), was born on 17 October 1893 in Curaçao. He died in November 1962 in New York. He and Maria Luisa SCHOLTZ had the following children:
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+53 |
Josephine Constance STATIUS MULLER (1920-1996) |
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+54 |
Norina Adelaide "Norma" STATIUS MULLER (1921-2001) |
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+55 |
Roger Luis STATIUS MULLER (1925-2012) |
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42. Luisa Margarita SCHOLTZ14,41 (also known as Luisa Margarita STATIUS MULLER), daughter of Luis Roberto SCHOLTZ and Avalina PATCHECO, was born circa 1900 in Caracas.82 She married Albert Willem STATIUS MULLER. She died.
Albert Willem STATIUS MULLER Jr,14,41,43 son of Albert Willem STATIUS MULLER (1865-1929) and Josefina Alida SCHOLTZ (1864-1917), was born on 19 January 1900 in Curaçao.82 He died in 1995 in Caracas. He and Luisa Margarita SCHOLTZ had the following children:
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+56 |
Albert STATIUS MULLER (c. 1921- ) |
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+57 |
Margie STATIUS MULLER (c. 1925-1943) |
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43. Victor Manuel SCHOLTZ,14,51 son of Luis Roberto SCHOLTZ and Avalina PATCHECO, was born circa 1901 in Caracas. He married Rebecca SANABRIA on 29 November 1922 in Manhattan, New York.14
Rebecca SANABRIA14,88,89 (also known as Berta SCHOLTZ) was born circa 1904 in Caracas.
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Gertrude Scholtz |
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44. Gertruida SCHOLTZ59,62,81,90 (also known as Gertrude SCHOLTZ), daughter of José Henrique SCHOLTZ and Joanna Catharina VAN DAALEN, was born on 3 March 1901 in Caracas. She migrated to New York, New York on 3 May 1909. They sailed on the SS Philadelphia from La Guaira, Venezuela. Gertruida appeared in the census on 19 April 1910 in Brooklyn, New York. Daughter, 191 Park Place. Gertruida appeared in the census in January 1920 in Brooklyn. Daughter, 116 Lincoln Road. Gertruida appeared in the census on 12 April 1930 in Brooklyn. Daughter, 116 Lincoln Road. In 1992 Gertruida lived in East Orange, New Jersey. She died on 31 December 1992 in New Jersey. She was buried on 4 January 1993 in Green-Wood Cemetery. Lot 37755, Section 151.
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Henry Scholtz |
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Angela Williams Scholtz |
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45. José Henrique
"Henry" SCHOLTZ Jr.90,91 (also known as Henry
SCHOLTZ), son of José Henrique SCHOLTZ and Joanna Catharina VAN DAALEN, was
born on 4 October 1902 in Caracas. He migrated to New York on 3 May 1909. They
sailed on the SS Philadelphia from La Guaira, Venezuela. José appeared in the census
on 19 April 1910 in Brooklyn. Son, 191 Park Place. José was naturalised on 19
May 1916 in Brooklyn.92 He appeared in the census in January 1920 in
Brooklyn. Son, 116 Lincoln Road. José experienced Employment circa 1925 in New
York. Coffee Importer at Scholtz & Company. José married Angela Lucia
WILLIAMS on 14 June 1927 in Brooklyn. He appeared in the census on 3 April
1930 in Eastchester, Westchester County, New York. Head, 5 Gramatan Gardens.
He was head of household and renting an apartment for $115 per month. José
retired in 1980 in New York. Scholtz & Co. José died on 26 June 1997 in
Essex, Connecticut.93 From his obituary in the New York Yacht Club
Magazine:
J. H. Scholtz, Jr. October 4, 1902 - June 26, 1997
J. H. Scholtz, Jr. died at Essex Meadows Health Center, Essex, CT on Thursday,
June 26th as a consequence of complications resulting from a fall and surgery
to repair a broken hip two weeks earlier. A private memorial service for
members of his family was held at The First Congregational Church of Old Lyme,
CT on June 30th.
Born 94 years ago in Caracas, Venezuela, the son of J. Henrique Scholtz of
Caracas and Catarina van Daalen, of Curacao, Netherlands, Antilles, Henry
Scholtz came to the United States with his family at age 7. He attended schools
in Brooklyn, NY where he left Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute after his junior
year at age 16 to attend Massachusetts Institute of Technology from which he
received a Bachelor of Science degree in 1923.
After a career of a few years with the City Service Co. in New York City as a
civil engineer, Mr. Scholtz joined his family's firm on Wall Street, Scholtz
& Co., which specialized in dealing in cocoa and coffee beans and other
products from Latin America. He continued with Scholtz & Co. until he
retired as Chairman in 1980, when Cargill, Inc. of Minneapolis, MN, acquired
the firm.
Military service included a post ROTC period as an US Army Reserve lieutenant
after graduation from college and duty on coast patrol with the US Coast Guard
Reserve during WWII.
Mr. Scholtz became interested in sailing and sailboat racing during the late
1930's. He participated extensively in racing at Riverside Yacht Club,
Riverside, CT, his town of residence from many years. He served on sailing
race committees at both Riverside Yacht Club and the New York Yacht Club, where
he was also a member. At the New York Yacht Club he was involved in the
management of several America's Cup regattas off Newport, Rhode Island. He had
recently become a member of the Essex Yacht Club.
His wife, Angel (Williams) Scholtz, and his tow sons, Andrew A. and Frederick
H. Scholtz, both of whom followed in their father's footsteps as members of New
York Yacht Club Race Committee, survive Mr. Scholtz. Seven Grand Children and
thirteen great-grandchildren also survive him.
Contributions in memory of Mr. Scholtz may be made to Essex Meadows Foundation,
Inc., 30 Bokum Road, Essex, CT 06426. José was buried in River View Cemetery,
Essex, Connecticut.
Angela Lucia WILLIAMS90,94
(also known as Angela Lucia SCHOLTZ), daughter of George Washington Aurelio
WILLIAMS (1872-1938) and Alice Wadsworth AYER (1873-1966), was born on 13 May
1907 in Brooklyn. She appeared in the census on 18 April 1910 in Brooklyn.
Granddaughter, 35 Cambridge Place. Angela appeared in the census on 12 January
1920 in Brooklyn. Daughter, 315 Westminster Road. Angela appeared in the census
on 2 April 1930 in Eastchester Village, Westchester County, New York. Wife, 5
Gramatan Gardens. Circa 1947 Angela lived in Riverside, Connecticut. Leeward
Lane. In November 1992 Angela lived in Essex. Essex Meadows. From Catharine
Scholtz Labine:
A Gift of Art: memories of Angela W. Scholtz
23 January 2010
Good afternoon.
It's not news that Grandma Angela was a talented woman. We've been in awe of her
creations throughout the years. She had many, many passions: her miniatures,
her painting, her prints, athletics…and she carried it off with a magical
quality. There is a reason for this, and perhaps it was Grandma's secret
ingredient. As involved as she was with her pursuits, she was fascinated by
other people's interests. She had a way of finding out what someone liked to
do. She'd either know who that person should meet, or she would figure out
another way of encouraging them. In that manner, Grandma was like her mother,
Alice, who would go to great lengths to celebrate others' accomplishments. Just
ask my brother, Bill, about the poem Alice wrote for him when he was only eight
and caught his very first fish.
Grandma Angela would often ask what her great-grandkids were thinking and
doing. She wanted pictures, but never portraits…only photographs of them doing
what they love most. And, knowing mine is a family of writers, she asked me to
send stories the kids had written. Amongst others, I sent a story that my son,
Mike, wrote about an adventure his Grandpa Andy and Andy's brother, Fred, had
in Barnegat Bay, New Jersey during World War II. Dad, Fred and a friend
traveled by train so they could sail in a regatta, the Atlantic Coast Lightning
Championships. They were young, and in their innocence decided to spend an
afternoon before the races hanging out on the beach. Well, there was a war on,
the beach was closed, and when the Coast Guard came around to pick them up,
having the name "Scholtz" was no advantage. In Grandma's note to Mike
in which she related her impressions of the story, she wrote: I was so
engrossed…I desperately wanted to know how it would end. Mike thought that was
funny since she was Andy's and Fred's mom, of course she knew everything turned
out okay. I know, though, that Mike felt honored by her remarks because Grandma
was so willing to be swept up by the telling of a story she knew well.
Grandma and Grandpa lived on Leeward Lane in Riverside for over 40 years. My
favorite room in that house was their living room. There was always something
creative going on, whether it was Grandma's miniature period pieces on display,
or Grandpa building his model ships. When we were very young, Grandma would
have the grandchildren gather around the armchair so Alice could recite poetry
and tell us stories. Those words had us transported.
So, for Grandma, who took enormous delight in encouraging the imagination of a
child, and for my dad, my brothers and my cousins who will remember this well,
I'll read a familiar poem:
The Owl and the Pussycat went to sea
In a beautiful pea-green boat,
They took some honey, and plenty of money,
Wrapped up in a five pound note.
The Owl looked up to the stars above,
And sang to a small guitar,
"O lovely Pussy! O Pussy, my love,
What a beautiful Pussy you are, you are, you are,
What a beautiful Pussy you are."
Pussy said to the Owl "You elegant fowl,
How charmingly sweet you sing.
O let us be married, too long we have tarried;
But what shall we do for a ring?"
They sailed away, for a year and a day,
To the land where the Bong-tree grows,
And there in a wood a Piggy-wig stood
With a ring at the end of his nose, his nose, his nose,
With a ring at the end of his nose.
"Dear Pig, are you willing to sell for one shilling your ring?"
Said the Piggy, "I will"
So they took it away, and were married next day
By the Turkey who lives on the hill.
They dined on mince, and slices of quince,
Which they ate with a runcible spoon.
And hand in hand, on the edge of the sand.
They danced by the light of the moon, the moon, the moon,
They danced by the light of the moon.
I love you, Grandma.
Catharine Scholtz Labine
From LimeLine.com:
Angela W. Scholtz 01/19/10
Angela W. Scholtz died quietly in her sleep on Tuesday, Jan. 19, 2010 in
Essex. She was born on May 13, 1907, daughter of George and Alice Williams, in
Brooklyn, N.Y.
During her long and prodigious life, she enjoyed participating in diverse
activities. In her youth, she loved competitive swimming. While still in her
teens, she won several New York State freestyle championships, and she took
great pride in having once raced against Gertrude Ederle, the first woman to
swim the English Channel.
Angela Scholtz was a graduate of Packer Collegiate Institute, Class of 1927, in
Brooklyn. In that same year, she married J. Henry Scholtz, Jr., also a
Brooklyn resident. As a young mother during the 1930s, she continued to follow
her love of competitive athletics on the tennis courts of Old Greenwich and
Riverside, while raising two sons.
When her sons became interested in sailboat racing, she also learned to sail
and got the entire family to participate in the sport together. She crewed on
several of the family's racing sailboats. She also raced her own single-handed
dinghy at Riverside Yacht Club during the summer season as well as the winter
frostbite racing season. At the time of her death she was a member of the
Riverside Yacht Club and the New York Yacht Club.
Angela Scholtz loved artistic and creative endeavors. For many years, she
designed and printed her own Christmas cards using monotype imaging. She also
became interested in the construction of miniature period rooms. Angela was
active in local and national miniature associations. She was commissioned to
design and build a whimsical miniature historical model of the town of
Greenwich for the 350th anniversary of the founding of Greenwich. She donated
the model village to Essex Meadows Life Care Retirement Community in Essex,
where she lived for the past 18 years.
Angela Scholtz was predeceased by her husband and by a son, Frederick H.
Scholtz. She is survived by her son, Andrew A. Scholtz, and Claudia B. Scholtz
of Naples, Fla.; her daughter-in-law, Sally K. Scholtz, also of Naples; and
seven grandchildren, Andrew A. Scholtz, Jr. of Binghamton, N.Y.; William H.
Scholtz of Mill Valley, Calif.; Catharine S. Labine of Darien, Richard van D.
Scholtz of Denver, Colo., Peter D. Scholtz of Darien, Sarah S. Dewar of
Valdosta, Ga., and F. Bradley Scholtz of Darien. She is also survived by 15 great-grandchildren
and one great-great-grand-daughter.
A Celebration of the Life of Angela Scholtz was held at the First
Congregational Church, 2 Ferry Road, Old Lyme on Saturday, January 23. In lieu
of flowers, donations may be made to the Connecticut River Museum, 67 Main
Street, Essex, CT 06426.
Arrangements are by Robinson, Wright & Weymer Funeral Home, Centerbrook.
Angela died on 19 January 2010 in Essex Meadows, Essex, Connecticut. She was
buried in River View Cemetery. She and José Henrique "Henry" SCHOLTZ
had the following children:
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+58 |
Fredrick Henry SCHOLTZ (1929-2009) |
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Elaenor Scholtz Smith |
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46. Aleonor Agusta SCHOLTZ59,90,95 (also known as Eleanor SCHOLTZ and Aleonor Agusta SMITH), daughter of José Henrique SCHOLTZ and Joanna Catharina VAN DAALEN, was born on 16 March 1905 in Caracas. She migrated in 1907.64 She migrated to New York on 3 May 1909. They sailed on the SS Philadelphia from La Guaira, Venezuela. Aleonor appeared in the census on 19 April 1910 in Brooklyn. Daughter, 191 Park Place. Aleonor appeared in the census in January 1920 in Brooklyn. Daughter, 116 Lincoln Road. Aleonor married Norman SMITH on 21 February 1929 in Brooklyn. She died on 24 October 1994 in Neptune, New Jersey.
Norman SMITH90,96 was born in 1898 in New Jersey. He died in 1968 in New Jersey.
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Arthur Edward Scholtz |
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47. Arthur Edward SCHOLTZ,58,59,62,90,97 son of José Henrique SCHOLTZ and Joanna Catharina VAN DAALEN, was born on 13 October 1906 in 514 8th Av, Brooklyn, New York. He migrated to New York on 3 May 1909. They sailed on the SS Philadelphia from La Guaira, Venezuela. Arthur appeared in the census on 19 April 1910 in Brooklyn. Son, 191 Park Place. Arthur appeared in the census in January 1920 in Brooklyn. Son, 116 Lincoln Road. Arthur appeared in the census on 12 April 1930 in Brooklyn. Son, 116 Lincoln Road. Arthur died in November 1989 in California. Arthur was living in Los Angeles at the time of his death. Arthur was buried on 24 November 1989 in Green-Wood Cemetery. Lot 37755, Section 151.
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Dooley Scholtz Cooper |
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48. Obdulia Margareta SCHOLTZ59,62,90 (also known as Dooley SCHOLTZ and Obdulia Margareta COOPER), daughter of José Henrique SCHOLTZ and Joanna Catharina VAN DAALEN, was born on 16 January 1909 in Caracas. She migrated to New York on 3 May 1909. They sailed on the SS Philadelphia from La Guaira, Venezuela. Obdulia appeared in the census on 19 April 1910 in Brooklyn. Daughter, 191 Park Place. Obdulia appeared in the census in January 1920 in Brooklyn. Daughter, 116 Lincoln Road. Obdulia appeared in the census on 12 April 1930 in Brooklyn. Daughter, 116 Lincoln Road. Obdulia married Frederick COOPER on 8 June 1935 in Brooklyn. She died on 7 July 1993 in New Jersey. She was buried on 7 September 1993 in Green-Wood Cemetery. Lot 37755, Section 151.
Frederick COOPER62,81,90 was born on 22 September 1905. He died in September 1968. He was buried on 9 September 1968 in Green-Wood Cemetery. Lot 37755, Section 151. Frederick experienced Employment. Episcopal Minister. He and Obdulia Margareta SCHOLTZ had the following children:
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Peter COOPER (1946-2000) |
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Carlos Alfredo Scholtz |
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49. Carlos Alfredo SCHOLTZ11,98,99 (also known as Carlos Alfredo SCHOLTZ), son of Alfredo SCHOLTZ and Berta AZERM, was born on 22 August 1920 in Venezuela.100 He died on 19 January 2009.
Carlos Alfredo SCHOLTZ had the following children:
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Jose Rafael SCHOLTZ ( - ) |
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50. Luis Henrique SCHOLTZ,11,99 son of Alfredo SCHOLTZ and Berta AZERM, was born on 15 October 1924 in Venezuela.100 He lived in Caracas. He died circa 2013.
51. Herman SCHOLTZ,11,99,101,102 son of Alfredo SCHOLTZ and Berta AZERM, was born circa 1934. He lived in Caracas. He died on 16 December 1996.
52. Ralph Conrad SCHOLTZ,16,17 son of José Conrado Esteban SCHOLTZ (MORTON) and Lola HERNANDEZ, was born circa 1925 in New York. He died in April 2016.
Ralph Conrad SCHOLTZ had the following children:
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Joseph Domingo SCHOLTZ (1957-2011) |
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53. Josephine Constance STATIUS MULLER14,103,104,105 (also known as Josephine CAHILL), daughter of Carlos Antonio STATIUS MULLER and Maria Luisa SCHOLTZ, was born on 6 June 1920 in Brooklyn, New York. She married CAHILL. She died on 14 March 1996 in Springfield, Massachusetts.
54. Norina Adelaide "Norma" STATIUS MULLER14,90,106,107 (also known as Norma O'CONNER), daughter of Carlos Antonio STATIUS MULLER and Maria Luisa SCHOLTZ, was born on 13 December 1921 in Brooklyn. She lived in Hudson, Florida. 13216 Shadberry Ln. Norina married Thomas O'CONNER. She died on 25 April 2001 in Florida. She was buried in Florida National Cemetery, Bushnell, Florida.
Thomas O'CONNER90,108 was born on 3 April 1915. He died on 1 December 2001. He was buried in Florida National Cemetery.
55. Roger Luis STATIUS
MULLER,14,109,110,111 son of Carlos Antonio STATIUS MULLER and
Maria Luisa SCHOLTZ, was born on 7 June 1925 in New York. From his obituary in
the Norwalk Hour:
Roger L. Muller
Resident of Wilton
Roger L. Muller, of Wilton, CT, passed away May 20th from cancer following a
brief illness.
Born in 1925 to Carlos and Maria Statius-Muller, Roger lived to be an
impressive 87, just missing his next birthday on June 7th. Roger grew up in
Brooklyn, attending Erasmus High School, where he played varsity football and
baseball. In 1944, he was inducted into the Navy at the young age of 18, where
an aptitude test led him to be trained and to serve his country as an
Electrician's Mate 3rd Class. Discharged May 6th, 1946, he went on to Sampson
College under the G.I. Bill. After matriculating, he was employed by U.S.
Rubber and Kaiser Aluminum. One of the highlights of his career at Kaiser
Aluminum includes switching the wiring at Madison Square Garden from copper to
aluminum.
On September 6th 1959, he met and married the love of his life, Pamela A.
Archibald. They made their home in Rowayton, CT with their two children, Tony
and Brooke. Dedicated to his community, Roger took every opportunity to get
involved. He taught First Holy Communion at St. Joseph's church in Norwalk, was
the treasurer for the Rowayton Civic Association and a member of the Republican
Town Committee for the 6th Taxing District. He also continued a lifelong
passion for baseball by coaching Little League. Roger's involvement even
extended to assisting Frank Espisito in his first run for mayor of Norwalk.
In his spare time, Roger enjoyed reading and was an avid tennis player, playing
competitively into his 70s. He could often be found playing at the courts of
his beloved Bailey Beach or searching the stacks of Wilton Library for a good
book.
Roger is predeceased by his wife, Pamela A. Muller, son, Anthony Muller,
brother, Albert Muller, and his sisters, Josephine Cahill and Norma O'Conner.
He is survived by his daughter and son-in-law Brooke and Larry Brown and their
children, Larry Brown Jr., Hannah Brown, and Georgia Brown.
A memorial service will be held on June 9th at 10:30 am in Our Lady of Fatima
Church, 225 Danbury Road, Wilton. The family requests, in lieu of flowers,
contributions be made to the American Cancer Society. Internment will be
private and there will be no calling hours. Roger married Pamela A.
ARCHILBALD on 6 September 1959.110 He died on 20 May 2012 in
Connecticut.
Pamela A. ARCHILBALD110 (also known as Pamela A. MULLER) died before 1991. She and Roger Luis STATIUS MULLER had the following children:
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Anthony I MULLER (1960-1991) |
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56. Albert STATIUS MULLER,14,82 son of Albert Willem STATIUS MULLER Jr and Luisa Margarita SCHOLTZ, was born circa 1921 in New York. He lived in Venezuela. He experienced Military. Albert was a B24 Navigator during WWII.
57. Margie STATIUS MULLER,14,82 daughter of Albert Willem STATIUS MULLER Jr and Luisa Margarita SCHOLTZ, was born circa 1925. She died in 1943.
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Fred Scholtz |
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58. Fredrick Henry SCHOLTZ90
(also known as Fred SCHOLTZ), son of José Henrique "Henry" SCHOLTZ
Jr. and Angela Lucia WILLIAMS, was born on 3 October 1929 in Lawrence Hospital,
Bronxville, New York. He appeared in the census on 2 April 1930 in Eastchester
Village, Westchester County, New York. Son, 5 Gramatan Gardens. Fredrick
married Sally KIRKHAM in September 1951 in St Pauls Church, Riverside,
Connecticut. He died on 29 November 2009 in Naples, Florida.109
Unpublished Obituary:
FREDERICK HENRY SCHOLTZ
Fred Scholtz, former Wall Street banker and Morgan Stanley partner, died
December 29, 2009 in Naples, Florida after a ten month battle with pancreatic
cancer.
He was born in Bronxville, New York on October 3, 1929. He spent most of his
youth in Riverside, Connecticut and later lived with his wife, Sally Kirkham,
for many years in Darien and New Canaan, Connecticut. Lately, he and Sally
have been living in Charlestown, Rhode Island and Naples, Florida.
Mr. Scholtz was a graduate of St. Luke’s School in New Canaan, Connecticut, and
he received a BA from Amherst College in 1952. He specialized in finance
throughout his business career. In addition to ten years with Morgan Stanley,
he worked at Chemical Bank, General Foods Corporation, Mitchell &
Associates, and as president of the auction house, Sotheby’s, North America.
Mr. Scholtz loved moving from one pursuit to another and was fond of saying
that his motto was, “Anything worth doing is worth overdoing.”
Among his many hobbies, Mr. Scholtz was an avid deep water sailor. In 1977, as
chairman of the New York Yacht Club race committee, he managed the running of
The America’s Cup races won by Ted Turner off Newport, Rhode Island. In
addition to sailing, he participated in the US Senior Tennis League and in 1996
he won the singles and doubles Connecticut State Championships in his age
group.
Throughout his life, Mr. Scholtz enjoyed collecting contemporary art and the
building and remodeling of his homes. His recent interests led him to become
an ardent photographer and conservationist. Some of his favorite places to
photograph wildlife and landscapes were Alaska, East Africa, the Rocky
Mountains, New England and South Florida. During photography trips to Kenya he
became interested in animal conservation and worked as a volunteer on wildlife
conservation projects with the Mara Conservancy organized by the Earthwatch
Institute of London, England.
Mr. Scholtz is survived by his 102-year-old mother, Angela; his wife of 58
years, Sally; his brother, Andrew; his children, Peter and his wife Christine,
Sarah Dewar and her husband Bob, Bradley and his wife Julie; and his eight
grandchildren. A memorial service in celebration of the life of Fred Scholtz
will take place at United Church of Christ, 5200 Crayton Road in Naples,
Florida at 3:00pm on Friday, December 4th, 2009.
In lieu of flowers, donations in memory of Fred Scholtz may be made to the Mara
Conservancy, c/o Earthwatch Management Ltd., Box 13509-0800, Nairobi, Kenya or
to Avow Hospice, 1095 Whippoorwill Lane, Naples, Florida, 34105.
Sally KIRKHAM90 (also known as
Sally SCHOLTZ) was born on 1 October 1930. She died on 18 April 2010 in Naples.
SALLY SCHOLTZ OBITUARY
Sally Kirkham Scholtz, 79, wife of the late Frederick Henry Scholtz, passed
away at her home Sunday, April 18, 2010, in Naples, Fla.
Sally was born Oct. 1, 1930. Growing up in Greenwich, Conn., she attended
Greenwich Academy and Centenary Junior College.
Married in 1951, Sally and Fred lived in Darien for almost 30 years. Sally
enjoyed playing golf, tennis, and being with her dear friends and, most
especially, her grandchildren.
She is survived by her three children, Peter Scholtz of Darien, Conn., Sarah
Dewar of Valdosta, Ga., and Bradley Scholtz of Darien, Conn.; their spouses;
eight grandchildren; and one great-grandchild.
A memorial service will be held at 3 p.m., Saturday, April 24, 2010, at Naples
United Church of Christ, 5200 Crayton Road, Naples, Fla.
In lieu of flowers, please send donations to Naples United Church of Christ.
For online condolences, www.fullerfuneralhome.com">visit
www.fullerfuneralhome.com. — Fuller Funeral Home, Naples, Fla.
59. Peter COOPER,81,90 son of Frederick COOPER and Obdulia Margareta SCHOLTZ, was born on 1 January 1946. He lived in Bernardsville, New Jersey. Peachcroft Rd. Peter died on 10 April 2000 in Basking Ridge, New Jersey. He was a Groom at Marriage of Peter COOPER.
60. Jose Rafael SCHOLTZ,112 son of Carlos Alfredo SCHOLTZ, was born.112 He died.112 Y.
61. Joseph Domingo SCHOLTZ,16,17 son of Ralph Conrad SCHOLTZ, was born in 1957 in Cúcuta, Colombia. He died in 2011.
62. Anthony I MULLER,110,113 son of Roger Luis STATIUS MULLER and Pamela A. ARCHILBALD, was born on 16 June 1960 in Bronxville, New York. He died on 31 August 1991 in Connecticut.
|
1. |
"Scholtz, Frederik Anton Scholtz Death Certificate". |
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National Archive, Curaçao, Willemstad, Curaçao. Call Number: |
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2. |
"Obituary". Text From Source: J. C. Scholtsz,
De Curacaosche Courant, Curaçao, 6 Mar 1819 |
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3. |
"de Jongh, Maria Elisabeth Margaretha Death Certificate". |
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National Archive, Curaçao, Willemstad, Curaçao. Call Number: |
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4. |
"Scholtz Lutheran Baptism Records". |
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National Archive, Curaçao, Willemstad, Curaçao. Call Number: |
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5. |
"Marriage Record". Text From Source: Record -
OAC 1106-9-285-4 - Marriage record for Johan Christoffel Scholtz and Maria
Elisabeth Margaretha De Jonge - 29 Jan 1804 - Curaçao |
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6. |
"Zeppenfeldt-de Jonge banns 1825". |
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National Archive, Curaçao, Willemstad, Curaçao. Call Number: |
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7. |
"Scholtz, Johan Christoffel". |
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National Archive, Curaçao, Willemstad, Curaçao. Call Number: |
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8. |
"Scholtz-Moller Wedding, 1835". |
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National Archive, Curaçao, Willemstad, Curaçao. Call Number: |
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9. |
Krafft, A. J. C, "Historie en Oude Families van de Nederlandse Antillen" (Marinus Nijhoff, 1951). |
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10. |
"Death Certificate - Genlias.com". Text From
Source: For Maria Augusta Möller from the Nationaal Archief van de
Nederlandse Antillen |
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11. |
"Tradition". Assessment: Unreliable. |
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12. |
"Scholtz, J. H., 1910 US Census". Assessment:
Unreliable. |
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13. |
"File (merged): C:\Users\Bill\Dropbox\BillsLaptop\My Documents\Family History Projects\Morton-Scholtz\Morton-Scholtz.fh_data\Morton-Scholtz.ged". |
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14. |
"Notes from Roger Muller". |
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15. |
"Passanger List". Text From Source: She is
listed as a relative for her son Henrique when he traveled from La Guaira to
New York in 1911 |
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16. |
"File (merged): C:\Users\Bill\Dropbox\BillsLaptop\My
Documents\Family History
Projects\Morton-Scholtz\Morton-Scholtz.fh_data\Morton-Scholtz.ged".
Record originated in... |
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17. |
Ralph Edward Scholtz, "Data collected by Ralph Edward Scholtz". |
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18. |
"Scholtz, Cormelia Petronella Birth Certificate". |
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National Archive, Curaçao, Willemstad, Curaçao. Call Number: |
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19. |
"Death Certificate - Genlias.com". Text From
Source: ForCornelia Petronella Scholtz from the Nationaal Archief van de
Nederlandse Antillen |
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20. |
"Scholtz, Joseph Birth Certificate". |
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National Archive, Curaçao, Willemstad, Curaçao. Call Number: |
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21. |
"Scholtz, Joseph Passanger Records". |
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22. |
"Scholtz, Eliza (Mrs J) Passanger Records". |
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23. |
"Scholtz, Joseph Naturalization". |
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24. |
"Rosabelle, a diary of Bermuda in the last century". |
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25. |
"FindAGrave.com". Text From Source: Joseph
Sholtz, 1840 Curacao - 21 Feb 1911, Saint Marks Church Cemetery, Smith's
Parish, Bermuda |
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26. |
"Scholtz, Maria E Birth Certificate". |
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National Archive, Curaçao, Willemstad, Curaçao. Call Number: |
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27. |
denhaag.digitalestamboom.nl, "Death Record from
denhaag.digitalestamboom.nl". Text From Source: Maria Elizabeth
Margaritha Scholtz - 4 Aug 1919 |
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28. |
"Scholtz, Sophia Wilhelmina Death Certificate". |
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National Archive, Curaçao, Willemstad, Curaçao. Call Number: |
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29. |
"Scholtz, Sophia Wilhelmina, Birth Certificate". |
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National Archive, Curaçao, Willemstad, Curaçao. Call Number: |
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30. |
"Birth Certificate - Genlias.com". Text From
Source: For Lodewyk Evert Scholtsz from the Nationaal Archief van de
Nederlandse Antillen |
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31. |
"van Osenbruggen/Scholtz". |
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National Archive, Curaçao, Willemstad, Curaçao. Call Number: |
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32. |
"Scholtz, Louisa Catharina, Birth Certificate". |
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National Archive, Curaçao, Willemstad, Curaçao. Call Number: |
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33. |
denhaag.digitalestamboom.nl, "Death Record from
denhaag.digitalestamboom.nl". Text From Source: Louisa Catharina
Scholtz - 20 Sep 1898 |
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34. |
"Scholtz, Gozewina Augusta Death Certificate".
Text From Source: She was not on the list of baptisms for that family that I
had. |
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National Archive, Curaçao, Willemstad, Curaçao. Call Number: |
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35. |
"Scholtz, Gozewina Augusta Birth Certificate". |
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National Archive, Curaçao, Willemstad, Curaçao. Call Number: |
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36. |
"Scholtz, Evert Carel Birth Certificate". |
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National Archive, Curaçao, Willemstad, Curaçao. Call Number: |
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37. |
"Passanger List". Text From Source: Miss M
Schultz, 21, and Mr. L Schultz, 14, both born in Venezuela on SS Augustus
from Curaçao to New York arriving 21 May 1880 |
|
|
38. |
"New York Times". Assessment: Secondary
evidence. |
|
|
39. |
"Obituary". Text From Source: "De
Curac¸aosche courant", 29 November 1897, Cornelia Patronila Scholtz,
Daughter of J. C. Scholtz, O. Scholtz (Roldon), died 17 November, age 19
years and 5 months. |
|
|
40. |
"Statius Muller, Remmo Genealogy". |
|
|
41. |
"Statius Muller, Typewritten Notes".
Assessment: Unreliable. |
|
|
42. |
"Death Record". Text From Source: Josefina
Alida Statins Muller, 17 Oct 1917, New York City Death Record |
|
|
43. |
Krafft, A. J. C, "Historie en Oude Families van de
Nederlandse Antillen" (Marinus Nijhoff, 1951). Assessment: Unreliable. |
|
|
44. |
"Death Record". Text From Source: Albert
Willem Statius Muller, 24 Dec 1929, New York City Death Record |
|
|
45. |
"New York Times". Assessment: Unreliable. |
|
|
46. |
"Passport Application". Text From Source: 1924
Passport Application |
|
|
47. |
"Passanger List". Text From Source: 14 Sept
1924 Passanger List arrival from Christobal, Canal Zone to New York |
|
|
48. |
"New York Times". |
|
|
49. |
"Passanger List". Text From Source: 1940
Passanger List from Curacao to New York 1940 |
|
|
50. |
"Scholtz, Passenger List Index". Assessment:
Unreliable. |
|
|
51. |
"Scholtz, Luis 1920 Census". |
|
|
52. |
"Death Record". Text From Source: Luis Roberto
Scholtz - Death 21 Nov 1935, Brooklyn, New York |
|
|
53. |
"Passanger List". Text From Source: New York,
June 27, 1938 |
|
|
54. |
"Death Certificate". Text From Source: Juan
Federico Scholtz 16 February 1925 Curaçao |
|
|
55. |
"New York Times". Assessment: Secondary
evidence. |
|
|
56. |
"Passanger List". Text From Source: 1940
Passanger List from Bermuda |
|
|
57. |
"New York Times". Assessment: Secondary
evidence. |
|
|
58. |
"Scholtz, Arthur, Birth Certificate".
Assessment: Unreliable. |
|
|
|
City of New York, Department of Health, Bureau of. Call Number: |
|
|
59. |
"Scholtz, J. H., 1910 US Census". Assessment:
Unreliable. |
|
|
60. |
"New York Times". Assessment: Unreliable. |
|
|
61. |
"Scholtz, J. H., Passanger List". Assessment:
Unreliable. |
|
|
62. |
"Greenwood Cemetery". |
|
|
63. |
"Passanger List". Text From Source: 1930
Passanger List from La Guaira |
|
|
64. |
"Scholtz, J. H., 1910 US Census". Assessment:
Secondary evidence. |
|
|
65. |
"Scholtz, J. H., Passanger List". Assessment:
Secondary evidence. |
|
|
66. |
"Scholtz, J. H., 1910 US Census". Assessment:
Questionable. |
|
|
67. |
"Passanger List". Text From Source: 4 Jan 1922
form Curacao to New York among others |
|
|
68. |
"Passport Application". Text From Source: Jose
Henrique Scholtz, 6 June 1921 |
|
|
69. |
"van Daalen, Johanna Catharina". |
|
|
|
National Archive, Curaçao, Willemstad, Curaçao. Call Number: |
|
|
70. |
"Passport Application". Text From Source:
Joanna Catharina van Daalen Scholtz, 6 June 1921 |
|
|
71. |
"Birth Record". Text From Source: Rosa Amalia
Scholtz Birth Record, San Juan, Caracas, 6 June 1876 |
|
|
72. |
"Passanger List". Text From Source: 17 Oct
1918 from Columbia to New York |
|
|
73. |
"Birth Record". Text From Source: Joseph
Conrad Morton - Laguira, Venezuela - 26 Dec 1894 |
|
|
74. |
"Marriage Record". Text From Source: Joseph
Conrad Scholtz, 36, England, Father: John, Mother: Louise Morton and Lola
Hernandez, 35, Columbia, S. C. (should be Colombia), Father: Felice M., Mother
Aun Gutierrez - 23 July 1931, Manhattan, NY |
|
|
75. |
FindAGrave.com. Text From Source: Lola Hernandez Scholtz
- 1897-1970 - Pinelawn Memorial Park, East Farmingdale, New York |
|
|
76. |
"Birth Record". Text From Source: Alberto
Fernando Morton - Laguira, Venezuela - 14 Dec 1896 |
|
|
77. |
"Passanger List". Text From Source: Alma
Scholtz - Port of Spain to New York arriving 19 June 1923 - husband Albert |
|
|
78. |
"Death Record". Text From Source: Victor Mario
Scholtz - Manhattan, New York - 23 Aug 1933 |
|
|
79. |
"Marriage Record". Text From Source: Victor
Mario Scholtz, 26, England, Father: Uhan, Mother: Louise Morton and Olivia
Johnson, 22, Port of Spain, BWI, Father: John, Mother: Maud Abbott - 25 Oct
1926, Manhattan, NY |
|
|
80. |
"Birth Certificate - Genlias.com". |
|
|
81. |
"Social Security Record". |
|
|
82. |
"Muller, Albert 1930 Kings County, NY". |
|
|
83. |
"Scholtz, John WWI Draft Registration". |
|
|
84. |
"Federal Census". Text From Source: Scholtz,
John, 1940, Lakewood, OH |
|
|
85. |
"Death Record". Text From Source: John C
Scholtz - 25 Mar 1893 to 9 Dec 1976 - Broward County, Florida |
|
|
86. |
"Naturalization Record". Text From Source:
Scholtz, Luisa Cristina 1951, Cleveland, OH |
|
|
87. |
"First Hand Knoledge". Text From Source:
Emails from Susan Scholtz |
|
|
88. |
"Marriage Record". Text From Source: Victor
Manuel Scholtz and Rebecca Sanabria - 29 Nov 1922 - Manhattan, New York |
|
|
89. |
"Passanger List". Text From Source: 1950
Passanger List from La Guaira |
|
|
90. |
"Firsthand knowledge Collected by William H. Scholtz".
Assessment: Unreliable. |
|
|
91. |
"New York Yacht Club Newsletter". |
|
|
92. |
"Passport Application". Text From Source:
Passport application for his father, mother and two sisters, 6 June 1921,
list when they were naturalized. He was likely naturalized the same day. |
|
|
93. |
"Firsthand knowledge Collected by William H.
Scholtz". Assessment: Primary evidence. |
|
|
94. |
"Williams, Ramon, 1910 US Census". Assessment:
Unreliable. |
|
|
95. |
FindAGrave.com. Text From Source: Eleanor A Smith -
1905-1994 - Glenwood Cemetery, West Long Branch, New Jersey |
|
|
96. |
Ibid. Text From Source: Norman C Smith - 1898-1968 -
Glenwood Cemetery, West Long Branch, New Jersey |
|
|
97. |
"Social Security Death Index (SSDI)". |
|
|
98. |
"Airline Passanger List". Text From Source:
1951 flight from Maiquetia to New York |
|
|
99. |
"Scholtz, Carlos Luis Ruibal email". |
|
|
100. |
"Voter Registration". Text From Source:
Venezuela - National Electoral Council of Venezuela, 2006 - 2007 |
|
|
101. |
"Airline Passanger List". Text From Source:
1951 Passanger List from Maiquetia |
|
|
102. |
"Scholtz Valentiner, Andreina Genealogy". |
|
|
103. |
"Social Security Death Index (SSDI)". Text
From Source: Josephine Cahill, 14 Mar 1996 |
|
|
104. |
"Death Record". Text From Source: Josephine
Cahill, Massachusetts Death Index 14 Mar 1996 |
|
|
105. |
"Passenger List". Text From Source: Josephine
Constance Statius Muller - SS Oranje Nassau - La Guaira to New York -
Arriving 19 Sep 1927 |
|
|
106. |
"Social Security Death Index (SSDI)". Text
From Source: Norma A O'Conner, 25 Apr 2001 |
|
|
107. |
"Passenger List". Text From Source: Norina
Adelaide Statius Muller - SS Oranje Nassau - La Guaira to New York - Arriving
19 Sep 1927 |
|
|
108. |
FindAGrave.com. |
|
|
109. |
"Firsthand knowledge Collected by William H. Scholtz". |
|
|
110. |
"Obituary". Text From Source: Roger Muller
Obituary, Norwalk Hour |
|
|
111. |
"Passenger List". Text From Source: Roger Luis
Statius Muller - SS Oranje Nassau - La Guaira to New York - Arriving 19 Sep
1927 |
|
|
112. |
"GEDCOM from Geni.com". |
|
|
113. |
"Obituary". Text From Source: Anthony Muller
Obituary, Norwalk Hour, 4 Sept 1991 |
|
This is based on a lot of good research done by Ralph Scholtz. Ralph is the great grandson of Johan and Louise. He was originally thrown off the trail because his grandfather Joseph Conrad Scholtz moved to New York from Trinidad and claimed to be born in England. Ralph initially contacted me back in 1997 but we decided there was no relationship. Ralph contacted me again in 2012 with more information. He had found through research that his grandfather was actually born in La Guaira. The case for the relationship is as follows:
1. His grandfather and 4 siblings were born in La Guaira with the last name Morton but changed their names to Scholtz when arriving in Trinidad.
2. He has found birth or baptism records for 3 of the five and there is no mention of a father.
3. That would tend to tie them to either Johan or one of his sons, most of which would have been old enough.
4. The family had a picture said to be the father of the five children and it is a copy of a picture of Johan that I have.
5. Joseph and Victor moved to New York. Joseph’s marriage certificate says his parents are John (English version of Johan) Scholtz and Louise Morton as does Victor’s death certificate. Victor’s Marriage certificate says his parents are Uhan Scholtz and Louise Morton. Almost all documents list them as being born in Venezuela.
6. Ralph’s great aunt (granddaughter of Johan and Louise and daughter of Lilian) said that when she was growing up in Trinidad all the children had to leave the room. She confirmed that the picture of Johan was her grandfather even though Johan died 20 years before she was born. That connects at least 3 of the five children to Johan.
[I] For all the articles on Johan and J. C. Scholtz & Co. see: http://scholtz.org/bill/Documents/ScholtzJohanCSr/index.htm
[II] A lot of the information on family members from Curaçao has come from a free Dutch on-line newspaper archive developed by the national library at http://www.delpher.nl/nl/.
[III] For all the articles on Joseph Möller see: http://scholtz.org/bill/Documents/MollerJoseph/index.htm
[IV] For all the articles on Frederik Scholtz see: http://scholtz.org/bill/Documents/ScholtzFredrikA/index.htm
[**] In Fred Virtue's circa 1920 recollection of the trip he put is as May of 1864 but it was May 1865.
[††] I checked many of the annual volumes of "Almanach de Gotha", a catalog of all diplomatic and consular posts for all countries around the world. I checked many volumes from 1852 to 1905. Johan ("Scholtz, J. C.") was listed as consul general to La Guaira for Belgium in the 1884 volume until the 1900 volume. In 1902 someone else was in the post. Also, Johan was the first to hold the post in 10 years. It didn’t list consuls or Denmark, Norway and Sweden. Those I found in books called Momoria del Minsterio de Relaciones Exteriores. These books listed all the foreign diplomats and consuls working in Venezuela. I first find Johan in 1884 as Vice Consul for Denmark with someone else for Norway and Sweden. From then through 1894, if the three countries were listed he was either Consul or Vice Consul. I have not found any books past 1894.
[‡‡] In notices placed in the Caracas newspaper El Federalista on dates 6, 9 and 17 January 1868 Johan is listed as the authorized representative in La Guaira for George L Wilhelms who has set up a trading house in the Plaza in La Guaira. On 25 and 28 January and 2 February of 1869 Wilhelms announces he has a new partner, G. A. Grossmann and the Johan is his authorized agent in La Guaira.
[§§] There were only two people expelled during 1903 and even though expulsions were supposed to be only for foreigners the other person was actually a citizen. Also in 1903 there were four suspensions of expulsions including Johan’s. For the other years I have information on, in 1899 he expelled 12 people at the same time, in 1900 he expelled 15 people and suspended on expulsion and for 1904 he expelled 9 people and suspended one expulsion. With the exception of 1899 most of the expulsions were one or two at a time.
[***] Fore royal refers to the "yard" holding up the largest square rigged sail on the forward mast. Given that this is a brig, it is the only mast with square rigged sails.
[†††] Carlos did not show up on the 1880 census living with Joseph and Eliza but his Passport applications of 1916 and 1924 said he lived in the US continuously from 1877.
[‡‡‡] Joaquín Crespo was a general who had been elected President of Venezuela in 1884 by Federal Council. He served 2 years before being replaced by his predecessor. He was a member of the Liberal party. After several other Presidents elected by Federal Council Raimundo Placio tried to modify the constitution to extend his time in power. That caused Crespo to start a revolution. Placio left the country and there were two provisional presidents before Crespo was able to overthrow the government in 1892. After two years Crespo's term was renewed by Federal Council and in 1898 he was replaced in Venezuela's first direct election by the candidate Crespo endorsed. (From Wikipedia)
[§§§] After a long standing dispute between Venezuela and the British government over the border between Venezuela and British Guiana, President Cleveland was convinced to impose the Monroe Doctrine and intervene on behalf of Venezuela. The US forced the issue to go to arbitration in Paris in 1899 which unfortunately for the Venezuelans granted 90% of the disputed land to Great Britain. This was 3 years after the thank you letter by Carlos and Henrique.
[****] I've found four times between 1894 and 1895 where they were the receivers of shipments from La Guira. Each time was on a different boat. There was a bark, two schooners and a brig, all about the size of the early boats that Joseph had sailed.
[††††] Unless otherwise specified, the following stories of Henrique came from his daughter-in-law Angela Williams Scholtz
[‡‡‡‡] This would have been Juan Vicente Gómez who overthrew the government of Cipriano Castro Ruiz. Castro overthrew the government of Ignacio Andrade, Venezuela's first publicly elected president.
[§§§§] This is based on data from “India Rubber World Magazine” in 1906 and 1908.
[1] Scholtz.org - http://scholtz.org/Genealogy/pedigree.php?personID=I1583&tree=MyTree&display=standard&generations=4
[2] De Curaçaosche Courant (newspaper from Curaçao), 24 March and 18 and 24 August 1821, public notices
[3] De Curaçaosche Courant (newspaper from Curaçao), 10 May 1817, public notice
[4] Krafft, Dr. Ds. A. J. C., "Historie en Oude Families van de Nederlandse Antillen", 1951, p. 310
[5] On-line collection of old newspapers at http://www.delpher.nl/nl/ based on a search for Möller
[6] De Curaçaosche Courant (newspaper from Curaçao), 17 October 1829 and 31 August 1833
[7] De Curaçaosche Courant (newspaper from Curaçao), 23 July 1853
[8] De Archiefvriend website: http://www.archiefvriend.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=51:borderellen&catid=21&Itemid=20
[9] "Maatschappij van Weldadigheid": http://maatschappijvanweldadigheid.nl/wordpress/?page_id=14
[10] "Bermuda Index: 1784-1914 An index of births, marriages and deaths as recorded by Bermuda newspapers", compiled by C.F.E. Hollis Hallett, Vol. 2 L-Z, page 1186
[11] Pollock, Jill, "Harvest Queen", Bermuda Historical Quarterly, September 1989
[15] Mystic Seaport Ship's Registry (1857-1900) Search, http://library.mysticseaport.org/initiative/VMSearch.cfm.
[16] "The Royal Gazette", Hamilton, Bermuda, 9 April 2011, http://www.royalgazette.com/article/20110409/ISLAND09/704099987
[17] New York Times, 18 February 1866
[18] Wilkinson, Henry Campbell, "Bermuda From Sail to Steam", 1973, Oxford University Press, page 734
[20] Mystic Seaport Ship's Registry (1857-1900) Search, http://library.mysticseaport.org/initiative/VMSearch.cfm.
[21] Wilkinson, Henry Campbell, "Bermuda From Sail to Steam", 1973, Oxford University Press, page 734
[23] Scholtz, Joseph newspaper articles: http://scholtz.org/bill/Documents/ScholtzJoseph/index.htm
[24] "Bermuda Index: 1784-1914 An index of births, marriages and deaths as recorded by Bermuda newspapers", compiled by C.F.E. Hollis Hallett, Vol 2 L-Z, page 1186
[25] Descendants of Samuel (Maj./Collector) Smith, Rootsweb, Ancestry.com, http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~bmuwgw/smithgen.htm
[26] Wilkinson, Henry Campbell, "Bermuda From Sail to Steam", 1973, Oxford University Press, page 719
[27] Hallett, C.F. E. Hollis, "Rosabelle; A Diary of Bermuda in the Last Century", 1984 page 27
[28] Hallett, C.F. E. Hollis, "Rosabelle; A Diary of Bermuda in the Last Century", 1984 page 27
[30] Pollock, Jill, "Harvest Queen", Bermuda Historical Quarterly, September 1989
[31] Scholtz, Joseph newspaper articles: http://scholtz.org/bill/Documents/ScholtzJoseph/index.htm
[32] Library and Archives Canada, Ship Information Database, http://www.pro.rcip-chin.gc.ca/bd-dl/nav-ship-eng.jsp?emu=en.vessel:/Proxapp/ws/vessel/public/vessel/ResultSetExpanded&&w=NATIVE('NAME+%3D+''F.A.+SCHOLTZ''')&r=1&upp=0&rpp=10
[33] Library and Archives Canada, Ship Information Database, http://www.pro.rcip-chin.gc.ca/bd-dl/nav-ship-eng.jsp?emu=en.vessel:/Proxapp/ws/vessel/public/vessel/ResultSetExpanded&&w=NATIVE('NAME+%3D+''F.A.+SCHOLTZ''')&r=1&upp=0&rpp=10
[34] 1880 Brooklyn, NY Federal Census and 1883 Monclair, NJ City Directory
[35] United States Passport Application, Carlos Scholtz, 1916 and 1924
[36] "Recueil Consulaire", catalog of Belgium consulates, 1900.
[37] Royaume de Belgique, "Recueil Consulaire", Bruxelles, 1883, Page 62, "Consulat de Belgique a La Guaira Rapport No 74".
[38] El Federalista newspaper, Caracas, Venezuela, 23 July 1867
[39] Bureau of the American Republics, "Commercial Directory of Venezuela", Washington, DC, September 1891
[40] Bureau of the American Republics, "Venezuela", Bulletin #34, February, 1892
[41] Manuel Landaeta Rosales, Riqueza Circulante en Venezuela, Caracas, 1903
[42] Memoria del Ministerio de Fomento, 1896, Caracas, Volume 2, pages 262-373
[43] La Oficina del las Republicas Americanas, "Directorio Comercial de las Republicas Americanas", Washington, DC 1898
[44] Royaume de Belgique Recueil Consularire, Brussels, Volume 116 – 1902, Page 497
[45] Jackson, T. B., "The Book of Trinidad", Muir, Marshall and Company, 1904
[46] “Algona Upper Des Moines” newspaper, Algona, Iowa, 18 November 1892, “Our Phil is a Diplomat”
[47] Chicago Tribune, 30 August 1892, Page 5, “Maricaibo is Taken”
[48] San Francisco Chronicle, 11 September 1892, Page 13, “A Reign of Terror”
[49] Shambaugh, Benjamin F. PhD, “Biographies and Portraits of the Progressive Men of Iowa”, Volume 11, Page 446, Conway and Shaw, Publishers, Des Moince, 1899
[50] Recopilacion de Leyes Y Decretos de Venezuela, Volume 26 – year 1903, Published 1905, Pages 102 and 151
[51] “Documentso del General Cipriano Castro”, Caracas, 1903
[52] United States Passport Application, Carlos Scholtz, 1916 and 1924
[53] United States Passport Application, Carlos Scholtz, 1916
[54] 1884 and 1885 Montclair City Directory
[55] United States Passport Application, Carlos Scholtz, 1916 and 1924
[56] New York Herald Tribune, 13 May 1898
[57] New York Herald Tribune, 1 Nov 1890
[58] Converse, E. C., National Tube Works Co., "Fact About Pipe", 1895
[59] New York Herald, 11 September 1890
[60] New York Herald, 12 September 1890
[61] New York Times, 5 January 1896
[62] New York Times, 23 January 1900
[63] New York Herald 13 May 1898 and New York Herald Tribune, 13 and 14 May and 2 June 1898
[64] Price of Coffee from New York Tribune - Each point is one of the last days of the quarter for Coffee No. 7 listed in the Commodities section
[65] New York Herald Tribune 23 August 1898
[66] New York Herald Tribune 24 November 1899
[68] Passenger List, Ship Curaçao, traveling from Curaçao to New York arriving on 20 July 1903
[69] New York Herald 12 November 1895
[70] New York Times 12 and 22 December 1895 and New York Passenger lists 9 December 1985, ship Orinoco, from Bermuda
[71] "Bermuda Index: 1784-1914 An index of births, marriages and deaths as recorded by Bermuda newspapers", compiled by C.F.E. Hollis Hallett, Vol. 2 L-Z, page 1186
[72] Passport Application, 1921
[73] Passenger List, 18 December 1895, ship Philadelphia arriving at New York from La Guaira
[74] New York Times, 5 January 1896
[75] William Scholtz genealogy research http://www.scholtz.org
[76] Passenger Lists
[77] Passenger Lists: 3 May 1909 ship Philadelphia arrives in New York from La Guaira and 7 September 1911, Ship Caracas arrives in New York from La Guaira
[78] Royaume de Belgique Recueil Consularire, Brussels, Volume 116 – 1902, Page 496
[79] Proceso, Ruidoso, " Venezuela y La Compania Francesa de Cables Telegraficos", Imprenta Nacional, Caracas 1906
[81] Passenger List, 26 August 1907, Ship Philadelphia arrived in New York from La Guaira.
[82] New York City Directories from 1910-1917
[83] Gun-data.com: http://www.gun-data.com/colt_companys_shipped1_arms.html
[84] Cornell University Law School, Majority Opinion by Justice Holme, A. G. SPALDING & BROS. v. EDWARDS, Collector of Internal Revenue, https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/262/66
[85] Internal Revenue Bulletin, Cumulative Bulletin I-2, July-December, 1922, Washing DC, 1923, Pages 287-9
[86] Caribseek.com, The Slave Trade, http://www.caribseek.com/Curacao/curacao-history-the-slave-trade.shtml
[87] National Archive of The Netherlands, Manumissions for Curaçao, http://www.gahetna.nl/en/collectie/index/nt00339
And
Various editions of the newspaper De Curacaosche Courant from the website for Historische Kranten - Nederlandse dagbladen uit de 17e, 18e, 19e en 20e eeuw (http://kranten.kb.nl/)
[88] Langenfeld, Els, Overzicht uitbetalingen tegemoetkoming afschaffing slavernij 1863, http://www.archiefvriend.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=51:borderellen&catid=21&Itemid=20
[89] Chicago Tribune, 30 August 1892, Page 5, “Maricaibo is Taken”
[90] Wikipedia, Venezuelan Crisis of 1895, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venezuelan_crisis_of_1895
[91] Wikipedia, Revolución de Queipa, https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revoluci%C3%B3n_de_Queipa
[92] Wikipedia, Ignacio Andrade, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignacio_Andrade
[93] Wikipedia, Revolución Liberal Restauradora, https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revoluci%C3%B3n_Liberal_Restauradora
[94] New York Herold, 14 November 1899, “The Capture of Puerto Bello”
[95] Wikipedia, José Manuel Hernández, https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Manuel_Hern%C3%A1ndez
[96] New York Times, 23 January 1900, “Senior Mattos Imprisoned
[97] Wikipedia, Manuel Antonio Matos, https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_Antonio_Matos
[98] Wikipedia, Cipriano Castro, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cipriano_Castro
[99] Wikipedia, Venezuelan crisis of 1902–03, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venezuelan_crisis_of_1902%E2%80%9303
[100] New York Times, 21 July 1903, Page 5, “Hot Battle in Venezuela”
[101] New York Times, 22 July 1903, Page 1, “Ciudad Bolivar Taken”
[103] Recopilacion de Leyes Y Decretos de Venezuela, Volume 26 – year 1903, Published 1905, Pages 102 and 151
[104] New York Times, 21 July 1903, “El Mocho” Hernandez Here
[105] Hernandez, Jośe Francisco, Memoria (a yearbook for the Caracas Freemason Society), 26 December 1894, Caracas
[106] Passenger List, Ship Curaçao, traveling from Curaçao to New York arriving on 20 July 1903
[107] Wikipedia, José Manuel Hernández, https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Manuel_Hern%C3%A1ndez
[108] Wikipedia, Cipriano Castro, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cipriano_Castro
